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2025, Number 1

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Acta Pediatr Mex 2025; 46 (1)

Low height-for-age and excess body weight in schoolchildren in Yucatan, Mexico

Azcorra H, Salazar-Rendón JC, Batún-Cutz L, Matus-Basto MD, Méndez N

Language: Spanish
References: 36
Page: 71-82
PDF size: 373.02 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Nutritional abnormalities during childhood, due to deficiencies or excesses, continues to be a serious global public health problem, therefore, it is necessary to know the situation in Yucatan given its socioeconomic heterogeneity.
Objective: To characterize the presence of low height-for-age (LHA) and excess body weight (EBW: overweight and obesity) in schoolchildren from Yucatan, Mexico.
Materials and Methods: The height and BMI (kg/m2) of 172,747 schoolchildren (6-12 years) obtained from the 2016 National Weight and Height Registry were analyzed. The prevalence of both conditions was estimated by sex, age, type of school, municipality and level of municipal socioeconomic marginalization. Chi-square tests were applied to determine differences in the proportions of LHA and EBW by sex, age group and sociodemographic variables. Tests were considered significant at P‹0.05. Heat maps were prepared to show the distribution of nutritional conditions in the municipalities of Yucatan.
Results:The prevalence of LHA and EBW was 16.8% and 43.2%, respectively. The prevalence of LHA was higher in rural localities, indigenous schools and municipalities with higher levels of socioeconomic marginalization (P‹0.001). The prevalence of EBW was higher in private schools, urban localities and municipalities with lower levels of marginalization and increased at older ages (P‹0.001). LHA was concentrated in the east and southeast of the state and EBW in the center and north.
Conclusion: The prevalence of LHA and EBW in Yucatan demands successful actions to improve the health of school age children.


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