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2022, Number 4

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Rev Cubana Plant Med 2022; 27 (4)

New process for the clarification of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Stevia) extracts rich in steviol glycosides

Pérez MAT, Carvajal OCC, Quiñones GJ, Baeza FAN, Martínez GA, Concepción LOV

Language: Spanish
References: 38
Page: 22
PDF size: 238.21 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni stands out for having low-calorie sweetening compounds called steviol glycosides that can replace sugar with a 300-450 times higher sweetening power and with multiple therapeutic potentials. Different procedures have been developed to improve the quality of its extracts, increase the competitive power and economic feasibility of industrial processes, and there is still much to be done in this regard.
Objective: To determine the effect of activated charcoal and seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam on the clarification of aqueous extracts of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni var. Morita II leaves.
Methods: Aqueous extracts were obtained from Stevia rebaudiana leaves, with particle size 0.7 μm, mass/volume ratio 1:10 and maceration with agitation at 25 °C for 3 h. Two clarifying agents were evaluated: activated charcoal and Moringa oleifera seeds. The absorbance of the extracts at 650 and 210 nm was evaluated, as well as the concentration of steviosides, rebaudioside A and totals.
Results: Naked, degreased and crushed seeds (37.5 mg.ml-1) in the third clarification cycle were the most effective clarifying agent, showing less contamination by both turbidity and colored compounds without affecting the steviol glycoside content of the extract.
Conclusions: The use of the selected clarification method (Moringa oleifera seeds) is an effective method for the clarification of aqueous Stevia Rebaudiana extracts with acceptable quality for the preparation of syrups for industrial use.


REFERENCES

  1. Oviedo-Pereira D, Alvarenga S, Lozano SE, Sepúlveda G, Rodríguez-Monroy M. Micropropagación de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, un cultivo promisorio para México. BioTecnología 2015;19(2):14-27.

  2. Basharat S, Ziyang H, Gong MLvX, Ahmed A, Hussain MI, Li J et al. A review on current conventional and biotechnical approaches to enhance biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2021;30:92-104. DOI: /10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.018.

  3. Singh DP, Kumari M, Prakash HG, Rao GP, Solomon S. Phytochemical and pharmacological importance of stevia: A calorie-free natural sweetener. Sugar Tech 2019;21(2):227-34. DOI: /10.1007/s12355-019-00704-1

  4. Bugliani M, Tavarini S, Grano F, Tondi S, Lacerenza S, Giusti L et al. Protective effects of Stevia rebaudiana extracts on beta cells in lipotoxic conditions. Acta Diabetol. 2022;59(1):113-26.DOI: /10.1007/s00592-021-01793-9

  5. Ríos Cortés G, Ramírez Aguilar D, Bobadilla Reyes CQ, Ríos Cortés AM, Ramírez Bello MA, Sales Chávez RM et al. Remoción de clorofilas presentes en extractos de Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) por adsorción con carbón activado y precipitación con cal grado alimenticio. Acta Univ. 2017;27(1):67-75 DOI: /10.15174/au.2017.1209

  6. Adesh AB, Gopalakrishna B, Kusum SA, Tiwari OP. An overview on Stevia: A natural calorie free sweetener. Int. J. Adv. Pharm. Biol. Chem. 2012;1(3):362-8.

  7. Anker CCB, Rafiq S, Jeppesen PB. Effect of steviol glycosides on human health with emphasis on type 2 diabetic biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2019;11:1-21. DOI: /10.3390/nu11091965.

  8. Joseph D, George J. Remedial Potentials of Sweet Leaf A Review on Stevia rebaudiana. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 2019;54:91-5.

  9. Lemus-Mondaca R, Vega-Gálvez A, Zura-Bravo L, Ah-Hen K. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, source of a high-potency natural sweetener: A comprehensive review on the biochemical, nutritional and functional aspects. Food Chem. 2012;132:131-5.DOI: /10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.140

  10. Mlambo R, Wang J, Chen Ch. Stevia rebaudiana, a Versatile Food Ingredient: The Chemical Composition and Medicinal Properties. J. Nanomater. 2022;1-12. DOI: /10.1155/2022/3573005

  11. Puri M, Sharma D, Barrow CL, Tiwary AK. Optimisation of novel method for the extraction of steviosides fron Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chem. 2012;132(3):1113-20. DOI:/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.063

  12. Gasmalla MA, Yang R, Musa A, Hua X, Ye F. Influence of sonication process parameters to the state of liquid concentration of extracted rebaudioside A from Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) leaves. Arab. J. Chem.2017;10(5):726-31. DOI: /10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.06.012

  13. Abou-Arab EA, Abou-Arab AA, Abu-Salem FM. Physico-chemical assessment of natural sweeteners steviosides produced from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant. Afr. J. Food Sci.2010;4(5):269-81.

  14. Kaplan B, Turgut K. Improvement of rebaudioside A diterpene glycoside content in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni using clone selection. Turk. J. Agric. For. 2019;43(2):232-40. DOI: /10.3906/tar-1803-37

  15. Rodríguez González H, Acosta de la Luz LL, Hechevarría Sosa I, Rivera Amita MM, Rodríguez Ferradá CA, Sánchez Govín E et al. Comportamiento del cultivo de Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni en Cuba. RCPM. 2007;12(4):1-5.

  16. Díaz-Montes E, Gutiérrez-Macías P, Orozco-Álvarez C, Castro-Muñoz R. Fractionation of Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extracts via two-step ultrafiltration process: Towards rebaudioside A extraction. Food Bioprod. Process. 2020; 123:111-22. DOI: /10.1016/j.fbp.2020.06.010

  17. Baptista ATA, Silva MO, Guttierres Gomes R, Bergamasco R, Vieira MF, Vieira AMS. Protein fractionation of seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam and its application in superficial water treatment. SEPPUR. 2017;180: 114-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.02.040

  18. Meza-Leones M, Riaños-Donado K, Mercado-Martínez I, Olivero-Verbel R, Jurado-Eraso M. Evaluación del poder coagulante del sulfato de aluminio y las semillas de Moringa oleífera en el proceso de clarificación del agua de la ciénaga de Malambo-Atlántico. Rev. UIS Ing. 2018;17(2):95-104. DOI: /10.18273/revuin.v17n2-2018009

  19. Reck IM, Paixão RM, Bergamasco R, Vieira MF, Salcedo Vieira AM. Removal of tartrazine from aqueous solutions using adsorbents based on activated carbon and Moringa oleifera seeds. JCLP. 2018;171:85-97. DOI: /10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.237 20. Castillo Cohaila MA, Avendano Caceres EO. Efecto de las semillas de moringa (Moringa oleifera lam.) en las condiciones para la clarificación del agua del río sama. Rev. Soc. Quím. 2020;86 (1):47-57 DOI: /10.37761/rsqp.v86i1.27221. González M, Daquinta M, Pina D, Portal N, Mosqueda O, Andújar I et al. Efecto de la poda en la producción de biomasa y contenido de esteviolglicósidos de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni var. Morita II. Biot. Veg. 2019;19 (3):155-164.22. Ribeiro MH, Lourenço PA, Monteiro JP, Ferreira-Dias S. Kinetics of selective adsorption of impurities from a crude vegetable oil in hexane to activated earths and carbons. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2001;213 (1):132-38.DOI: /10.1007/s002170100347.23. Arguello-Valle F. Optimización del blanqueamiento de un extracto acuoso de Stevia rebaudiana B. con carbón activado y Celite 545. Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Honduras. 2017.[acceso 09/07/2022] Disponible en: https://bdigital.zamorano.edu/items/b9750989-18cf-4436-981e-5aca57fabaed24. Pérez-Ángel R, Pérez-Tamayo NM, Castro-Martínez C, Contreras-Andrade I. Rendimientos y composición química de biomasa, semilla y aceite de ecotipos de Moringa oleifera Lamarck introducidos en Sinaloa, México. Agro Productividad 2020;13(7):21-28. DOI: /10.32854/agrop.vi.164325. Muthuraman G, Sasikala S. Removal of turbidity from drinking water using natural coagulants. J. Ind. Eng. Chem.2014;20 (4):1727-1731.DOI: /10.1016/j.jiec.2013.08.023

  20. Oviedo-Pereira D, Alvarenga S, Lozano SE, Sepúlveda G, Rodríguez-Monroy M. Micropropagación de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, un cultivo promisorio para México. BioTecnología 2015;19(2):14-27.

  21. Basharat S, Ziyang H, Gong MLvX, Ahmed A, Hussain MI, Li J et al. A review on current conventional and biotechnical approaches to enhance biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2021;30:92-104. DOI: /10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.018.

  22. Singh DP, Kumari M, Prakash HG, Rao GP, Solomon S. Phytochemical and pharmacological importance of stevia: A calorie-free natural sweetener. Sugar Tech 2019;21(2):227-34. DOI: /10.1007/s12355-019-00704-1

  23. Bugliani M, Tavarini S, Grano F, Tondi S, Lacerenza S, Giusti L et al. Protective effects of Stevia rebaudiana extracts on beta cells in lipotoxic conditions. Acta Diabetol. 2022;59(1):113-26.DOI: /10.1007/s00592-021-01793-9

  24. Ríos Cortés G, Ramírez Aguilar D, Bobadilla Reyes CQ, Ríos Cortés AM, Ramírez Bello MA, Sales Chávez RM et al. Remoción de clorofilas presentes en extractos de Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) por adsorción con carbón activado y precipitación con cal grado alimenticio. Acta Univ. 2017;27(1):67-75 DOI: /10.15174/au.2017.1209

  25. Adesh AB, Gopalakrishna B, Kusum SA, Tiwari OP. An overview on Stevia: A natural calorie free sweetener. Int. J. Adv. Pharm. Biol. Chem. 2012;1(3):362-8.

  26. Anker CCB, Rafiq S, Jeppesen PB. Effect of steviol glycosides on human health with emphasis on type 2 diabetic biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2019;11:1-21. DOI: /10.3390/nu11091965.

  27. Joseph D, George J. Remedial Potentials of Sweet Leaf A Review on Stevia rebaudiana. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 2019;54:91-5.

  28. Lemus-Mondaca R, Vega-Gálvez A, Zura-Bravo L, Ah-Hen K. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, source of a high-potency natural sweetener: A comprehensive review on the biochemical, nutritional and functional aspects. Food Chem. 2012;132:131-5.DOI: /10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.140

  29. Mlambo R, Wang J, Chen Ch. Stevia rebaudiana, a Versatile Food Ingredient: The Chemical Composition and Medicinal Properties. J. Nanomater. 2022;1-12. DOI: /10.1155/2022/3573005

  30. Puri M, Sharma D, Barrow CL, Tiwary AK. Optimisation of novel method for the extraction of steviosides fron Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chem. 2012;132(3):1113-20. DOI:/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.063

  31. Gasmalla MA, Yang R, Musa A, Hua X, Ye F. Influence of sonication process parameters to the state of liquid concentration of extracted rebaudioside A from Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) leaves. Arab. J. Chem.2017;10(5):726-31. DOI: /10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.06.012

  32. Abou-Arab EA, Abou-Arab AA, Abu-Salem FM. Physico-chemical assessment of natural sweeteners steviosides produced from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant. Afr. J. Food Sci.2010;4(5):269-81.

  33. Kaplan B, Turgut K. Improvement of rebaudioside A diterpene glycoside content in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni using clone selection. Turk. J. Agric. For. 2019;43(2):232-40. DOI: /10.3906/tar-1803-37

  34. Rodríguez González H, Acosta de la Luz LL, Hechevarría Sosa I, Rivera Amita MM, Rodríguez Ferradá CA, Sánchez Govín E et al. Comportamiento del cultivo de Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni en Cuba. RCPM. 2007;12(4):1-5.

  35. Díaz-Montes E, Gutiérrez-Macías P, Orozco-Álvarez C, Castro-Muñoz R. Fractionation of Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extracts via two-step ultrafiltration process: Towards rebaudioside A extraction. Food Bioprod. Process. 2020; 123:111-22. DOI: /10.1016/j.fbp.2020.06.010

  36. Baptista ATA, Silva MO, Guttierres Gomes R, Bergamasco R, Vieira MF, Vieira AMS. Protein fractionation of seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam and its application in superficial water treatment. SEPPUR. 2017;180: 114-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.02.040

  37. Meza-Leones M, Riaños-Donado K, Mercado-Martínez I, Olivero-Verbel R, Jurado-Eraso M. Evaluación del poder coagulante del sulfato de aluminio y las semillas de Moringa oleífera en el proceso de clarificación del agua de la ciénaga de Malambo-Atlántico. Rev. UIS Ing. 2018;17(2):95-104. DOI: /10.18273/revuin.v17n2-2018009

  38. Reck IM, Paixão RM, Bergamasco R, Vieira MF, Salcedo Vieira AM. Removal of tartrazine from aqueous solutions using adsorbents based on activated carbon and Moringa oleifera seeds. JCLP. 2018;171:85-97. DOI: /10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.237 20. Castillo Cohaila MA, Avendano Caceres EO. Efecto de las semillas de moringa (Moringa oleifera lam.) en las condiciones para la clarificación del agua del río sama. Rev. Soc. Quím. 2020;86 (1):47-57 DOI: /10.37761/rsqp.v86i1.27221. González M, Daquinta M, Pina D, Portal N, Mosqueda O, Andújar I et al. Efecto de la poda en la producción de biomasa y contenido de esteviolglicósidos de Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni var. Morita II. Biot. Veg. 2019;19 (3):155-164.22. Ribeiro MH, Lourenço PA, Monteiro JP, Ferreira-Dias S. Kinetics of selective adsorption of impurities from a crude vegetable oil in hexane to activated earths and carbons. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2001;213 (1):132-38.DOI: /10.1007/s002170100347.23. Arguello-Valle F. Optimización del blanqueamiento de un extracto acuoso de Stevia rebaudiana B. con carbón activado y Celite 545. Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Honduras. 2017.[acceso 09/07/2022] Disponible en: https://bdigital.zamorano.edu/items/b9750989-18cf-4436-981e-5aca57fabaed24. Pérez-Ángel R, Pérez-Tamayo NM, Castro-Martínez C, Contreras-Andrade I. Rendimientos y composición química de biomasa, semilla y aceite de ecotipos de Moringa oleifera Lamarck introducidos en Sinaloa, México. Agro Productividad 2020;13(7):21-28. DOI: /10.32854/agrop.vi.164325. Muthuraman G, Sasikala S. Removal of turbidity from drinking water using natural coagulants. J. Ind. Eng. Chem.2014;20 (4):1727-1731.DOI: /10.1016/j.jiec.2013.08.023




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