medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2025, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

salud publica mex 2025; 67 (3)

Seroprotection against tetanus in Mexico, Ensanut 2022

Dimas-González J, Carnalla M, Gaspar-Castillo C, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Shamah-Levy T, Lazcano-Ponce E, Martínez-Barnetche J, Alpuche-Aranda CM

Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 282-286
PDF size: 281.58 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To estimate the proportion of tetanus seroprotection in the Mexican population in 2022 and as an indirect marker for hexavalent vaccine coverage in children 1-to-3 years. Materials and methods. We analyzed Dried Spot Blood Samples (DBS) from 8 487 individuals from the Ensanut Continua 2022 natisonwide survey. ELISA test was used to estimate the seroprotection against tetanus. Results. Nationally, 88.6% of the people had at least minimal seroprotection against tetanus, yet only 73.3% had sufficient seroprotection. Adolescents (55.5%), those 60 years and older (60.9%), and the group 1-to-3 years (68.6%) had the lowest sufficient protection levels. Conclusion. We found a seroprotection of tetanus lees than the 90%, percentage that is recommended by World Health Organization. It is important to intensify the hexavalent vaccination in children of 1-to-3 years without seroprotection. Also, it is necessary a booster to the older adults and adolescents for increasing the seroprotection.


REFERENCES

  1. Yen LM, Thwaites CL. Tetanus. Lancet. 2019;393(10181):1657-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33131-3

  2. Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y Adolescencia. Manual deVacunación 2021 [Internet]. México: Censia, 2022 [citado junio 20, 2024].Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/salud/censia/es/articulos/manual-devacunacion-2021-295402?idiom=es

  3. Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y Adolescencia. LineamientosGenerales del Programa de Vacunación Universal 2023 [Internet].México: Cencia, 2023 [citado junio 24, 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/salud/censia/documentos/lineamientos-generales-del-programade-vacunacion-universal-2023

  4. Organización Mundial de la Salud. WHO Immunological Basis forImmunization Series. Module 3: Tetanus, 2018. Ginebra: OMS, 2018 [citadofebrero 22, 2024]. Disponible en: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/275340/9789241513616-eng.pdf?sequence=1

  5. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Hoja informativa: EstimaciónOMS/UNICEF de la cobertura nacional de inmunización en 2022 [Internet].Washington D. C.: OPS, 2023. [citado marzo 10, 2024]. Disponible en:https://www.paho.org/es/documentos/hoja-informativa-estimacion-omsunicef-cobertura-nacional-inmunizacion-2022#:~:text=La%20cobertura%20de%20una%20tercera,a%20enfermedades%20prevenibles%20mediante%20vacunación

  6. Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y Adolescencia. Históricode Coberturas de vacunación 2019-2023 [Internet]. México: Censia, 2024[citado junio 10, 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/salud/censia/es/articulos/historico-de-coberturas-de-vacunacion-2019-2023?idiom=es

  7. Mongua-Rodríguez N, Delgado-Sánchez G, Ferreira-Guerrero E,Ferreyra-Reyes L, Martínez-Hernández M, Cenizales-Quintero S, et al.Cobertura de vacunación en niños, niñas y adolescentes en México. SaludPublica Mex. 2023;65(supl 1):S23-S33. https://doi.org/10.21149/14790

  8. García-Hernández H, Zárate-Ramírez J, Kammar-García A, García-PeñaC. Estimation of vaccination coverage and associated factors in olderMexican adults. Epidemiol Infect. 2023;151:e134. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268823001218

  9. Travassos MA, Beyene B, Adam Z, Campbell JD, Mulholland N, Diarra SS,et al. Immunization coverage surveys and linked biomarker serosurveysin three regions in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0149970. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149970

  10. Campbell JD, Pasetti MF, Oot L, Adam Z, Tefera M, Beyane B, et al.Linked vaccination coverage surveys plus serosurveys among Ethiopiantoddlers undertaken three years apart to compare coverage and serologicevidence of protection in districts implementing the RED-QI approach. Vaccine.2021;39(40):5802-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.071

  11. Hernández-Ávila M, Palacio-Mejía LS, Hernández-Ávila JE, CharvelS. Vaccination in Mexico: imprecise coverages and deficiency in thefollow-up of children with incomplete immunization. Salud Publica Mex.2020;62(2):215-24. https://doi.org/10.21149/10682

  12. Cutts FT, Hanson M. Seroepidemiology: an underused tool fordesigning and monitoring vaccination programmes in low- and middleincomecountries. Trop Med Int Health. 2016;21(9):1086-98. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12737

  13. López-Gatell H, García-García L, Echániz-Avilés G, Cruz-Hervert P,Olamendi-Portugal M, Castañeda-Desales D, et al. Hepatitis B seroprevalencein 10-25-year-olds in Mexico - the 2012 national healthand nutrition survey (ENSANUT) results. Hum Vaccin Immunother.2019;15(2):433-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1533617

  14. Díaz-Ortega JL, Ferreira-Guerrero E, Cruz-Hervert LP, Delgado-Sánchez G, Ferreyra-Reyes L, Yanes-Lane M, et al. Seroprevalence ofmeasles antibodies and factors associated with susceptibility: a nationalsurvey in Mexico using a plaque reduction neutralization test. Sci Rep.2020;10(1):17488. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73618-8

  15. Basto-Abreu A, Carnalla M, Torres-Ibarra L, Sanchez-Pájaro A, Romero-Martínez M, Martínez-Barnetche J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence andvaccine coverage from August to November 2021: A nationally representativesurvey in Mexico. J Med Virol. 2023;95(8):e29038. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29038

  16. Romero-Martínez M, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Cuevas-Nasu L, Bautista-Arrendondo S, Colchero MA, Gaona-Pineda EB, et al. Metodología de laEncuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022 y Planeación y diseño de laEnsanut Continua 2020-2024. Salud Publica Mex. 2022;64(5):522-9. https://doi.org/10.21149/14186

  17. Gaspar-Castillo C, Dimas-González J, Carnalla M, Barrientos-GutiérrezT, Shamah-Levy T, Lazcano-Ponce E, et al. Anexo S1. Determinación delos valores de corte de un ELISA IgG anti-toxoide tetánico en muestraspareadas de papel filtro y suero de la Ensanut Continua 2022. Figshare.Journal contribution. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.26408128.v1

  18. Carnalla M, Basto-Abreu A, Stern D, Colchero MA, Bautista-ArredondoS, Alpuche-Aranda CM, et al. Prevalence of antibodies and SARS-CoV-2vaccination in Mexico 2022. Salud Publica Mex. 2023;65(supl 1):S135-45.https://doi.org/10.21149/14834

  19. Simonsen O, Bentzon MW, Heron I. ELISA for the routine determinationof antitoxic immunity to tetanus. J Biol Stand. 1986;14(3):231-9.https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-1157(86)90008-9

  20. Gupta RK, Siber GR. Comparative analysis of tetanus antitoxin titersof sera from immunized mice and guinea pigs determined by toxinneutralization test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Biologicals.1994;22(3):215-9. https://doi.org/10.1006/biol.1994.1031

  21. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Implementing the ImmunizationAgenda 2030. A Framework for Action through Coordinated Planning,Monitoring & Evaluation, Ownership & Accountability, and Communications& Advocacy [Internet]. Ginebra: OMS, 2021 [citado febrero 16,2024]. Disponible en: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/immunization/strategy/ia2030/ia2030_frameworkforactionv04.pdf?sfvrsn=e5374082_1&download=true

  22. Li YT, Luo XQ, Zhong XB, Cai LM, Zhu LP, Chen XQ, et al. Seroprevalencesof antibodies against pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, measles, mumpsand rubella: A cross-sectional study in children following vaccinationprocedure in Guangzhou, China. Vaccine. 2020;38(23):3960-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.03.056

  23. Zhang C, Hu W, Ma Y, Li L, Si Y, Zhang S. Seroepidemiology of tetanusamong healthy people aged 1-59 years old in Shaanxi Province, China.Vaccines. 2022;10(11):1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111806

  24. Thwaites CL, Thanh TT, Ny NTH, Nguyet LA, Nhat NTD, ThuyCT, et al. Seroprotection against tetanus in southern Vietnam. Vaccine.2023;41(13):2208-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.036

  25. Madhi SA, Cutland C, Jones S, Groome M, Ortiz E. One-year post-primaryantibody persistence and booster immune response to a DTaP-IPV//PRP~T vaccine (Pentaxim) given at 18 - 19 months of age in South Africanchildren primed at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age with the same vaccine. S AfrMed J. 2011;101(12):879-83.

  26. Evdokimov K, Sayasinh K, Nouanthong P, Vilivong K, Samountry B,Phonekeo D, et al. Low and disparate seroprotection after pentavalentchildhood vaccination in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a crosssectionalstudy. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017;23(3):197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.10.007

  27. Ekrami-Noghabi M, Saffar MJ, Rezai S, Saffar H, Saffar H, HosseinzadehF, et al. Immunogenicity and complications of the pentavalent vaccine inIranian children. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:716779. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.716779

  28. Liu B, Cao B, Wang C, Han B, Sun T, Miao Y, et al. Immunogenicityand safety of childhood combination vaccines: a systematic review andmeta-analysis. Vaccines. 2022;10(3):472. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030472

  29. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Tetanus vaccines: WHO positionpaper, February 2017 - Recommendations. Vaccine. 2018;36(25):3573-5.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.034

  30. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Protecting all against tetanus: guideto sustaining maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination (MNTE) and broadeningtetanus protection for all populations [Internet]. Ginebra: OMS,2019 [citado marzo 23, 2024]. Disponible en: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/329882/9789241515610-eng.pdf?sequence=1

  31. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Immunization Agenda 2030: AGlobal Strategy To Leave No One Behind [Internet]. Ginebra: OMS,2020 [citado febrero 11, 2024]. Disponible en: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/immunization/strategy/ia2030/ia2030-draft-4-wha_b8850379-1fce-4847-bfd1-5d2c9d9e32f8.pdf?sfvrsn=5389656e_69&download=true




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com