medigraphic.com
ISSN 1729-519X (Print)

2022, Number 6

<< Back Next >>

Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas 2022; 21 (6)

Demographic, clinical and epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 in Santiago de Cuba, October-December 2020

Sagaró CNM, Zamora ML, Valdés GLE

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 1-8
PDF size: 977.17 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The COVID-19 epidemic has changed its characteristics as new strains appear.
Objective: To identify the demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics that make up the pattern of the COVID-19 epidemic in Santiago de Cuba.
Material and Methods: An analytical observational study was carried out using the 461 cases of COVID-19 in Santiago de Cuba province from October to December 2020 as the study population. Demographic, clinical and epidemiological variables were selected and the implicative statistical analysis was applied.
Results: Among the confirmed females, the category of traveler and ages between 41 and 60 years prevailed; among males, patients without a source of infection, between 19 and 40 years or 60 and more years, with fever as the main symptom, and without personal pathological antecedents were more prevalent. Asymptomatic patients predominated in children under one year of age. Those over the age of 19 were associated with travelers. In patients 19 to 40 years of age, the predominant symptom was fever; in patients aged 40 and under, those without comorbidities prevailed; and in the elderly, diabetes mellitus prevailed. Among the older adults, there were more cases with no known source of infection and male predominance. Confirmed health workers were mainly between 41 and 60 years old and asymptomatic. Confirmed travelers were mostly women over 19 years of age and asymptomatic.
Conclusions: There were changes in the behavior of the disease in the province with respect to the first wave, with displacement of the association patterns between sex and age groups.


REFERENCES

  1. Sagaró del Campo NM, Zamora Matamoros L, Valdés García LE, Rodríguez Valdés A, Bandera Jiménez D, Texidor Garzón MC. Aspectos demográficos, clínico-epidemiológicos y geoespaciales de la COVID-19 en Santiago de Cuba. Archivo Médico Camagüey [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 10/05/2021];25(3):391-404. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://www.revistaamc.sld.cu/index.php/amc/article/view/7979 1.

  2. Sagaró del Campo NM, Zamora Matamoros L, Valdés García LE, Bergues Cabrales LE, Rodríguez Valdés A, Morandeira Padrón HM. La COVID-19 en Santiago de Cuba desde un análisis estadístico implicativo. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 10/01/2021];46(Supl especial):e2578. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://www.revsaludpublica.sld.cu/index.php/spu/article/view/2578 2.

  3. González Castro A, Cuenca Fito E, Fernández A, Escudero Acha P, Rodríguez Borregán J, Peñasco Y. Primera y segunda oleadas de enfermedad por coronavirus-19: Un estudio comparativo en pacientes hospitalizados en una UCI de un hospital universitario de tercer nivel. Medicina Intensiva [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 10/01/2021]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7938862/ 3.

  4. Fan G, Yang Z, Lin Q, Zhao S, Yang L, He D. Decreased Case Fatality Rate of COVID-19 in the Second Wave: A study in 53 countries or regions. Transbound Emerg Dis [Internet]. 2021;68:213-5. Disponible en: http://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.138194.

  5. Sagaró Del Campo NM, Zamora Matamoros L. ¿Cómo aplicar el análisis estadístico implicativo en los estudios de causalidad en salud?. Revista Electrónica Dr. Zoilo E. Marinello Vidaurreta [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 10/01/2021];45(1). Disponible en: Disponible en: http://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/ zmv/article/view/196 5.

  6. Sagaró Del Campo NM, Zamora Matamoros L. ¿Cómo interpretar el análisis en los estudios de causalidad en salud?. MEDISUR [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 10/01/2021];18(2). Disponible en: Disponible en: http://www.medisur.sld.cu/index.php/medisur/article/view/4415 6.

  7. Sagaró Del Campo NM, Zamora Matamoros L. Métodos actuales para asegurar la validez de los estudios de causalidad en medicina. Gac Méd Espirit [Internet]. 2019 [Citado 10/01/2021];21(2):146-60. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1608-89212019000200146&lng=es.Epub02-Ago-2019 7.

  8. León Álvarez JL, Calderón Martínez C, Gutiérrez Rojas AR. Análisis de mortalidad y comorbilidad por la COVID-19 en Cuba. Rev Cubana Medicina [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 10/01/2021];60(2):e2117. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://revmedicina.sld.cu/index.php/med/article/view/2117/2056 8.

  9. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al9. . Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 12/02/2021];395(10223):507-13. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302117 9.

  10. Ruiz Cantero MT. Las estadísticas sanitarias y la invisibilidad por sexo y de género durante la epidemia de la COVID-19. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 12/02/2021];35(1):95-8. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911120300911 10.

  11. Takahashi T, Ellingson MK, Wong P, Israelow B, Lucas C, Klein J, et al. Sex differences in immune responses that underlie COVID-19 disease outcomes. Nature [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 12/02/2021];58811. (7837):315-20. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2700-3?campaign_id=154&emc=edit_cb_20200826&instance_id=21644&nl=coronavirus-briefing®i_id=24067855&segment_id=36983&te=1&user_id=1e332bb8fb8c62a2815d500399088126 11.

  12. Gebhard C, Regitz Zagrosek V, Neuhauser HK, Morgan R, Klein SL. Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe. Biol. Sex Differ [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 17/02/2021];11:1-13. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13293-020-00304-9.pdf 12.

  13. Gemmati D, Bramanti B, Serino ML, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Tisato V. COVID-19 and Individual Genetic Susceptibility/Receptivity: Role of ACE1/ACE2 Genes, Immunity, Inflammation and Coagulation. Might the Double X-chromosome in Females Be Protective against SARS-CoV-2 Compared to the Single X-Chromosome in Males? Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2020 May [Citado 12/02/2021];21(10):3474. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/10/3474 13.

  14. Vega Rivero JA, Ruvalcaba Ledezma JC Hernández Pacheco I, Acuña Gurrola M del R, López Pontigo L. La salud de las personas adultas mayores durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. JONNPR [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 08/07/2021]; 5(7):726-739. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2529-850X2020000700007&lng=es.Epub05-Jul-2021 14.

  15. Zamora Matamoros L, Sagaró del Campo NM, Valdés García LE, Benítez Jiménez I. Indicadores demográficos en la incidencia de la Covid-19 en Santiago de Cuba. Rev Bras Est Pop [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 08/07/2021];38(1-17):e0153. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a015315.

  16. IRIS PAHO. Cuba frente a la Covid-19. Boletín de la OPS/OMS en Cuba [Internet]. Washington: IRIS PAHO; 2020 [Citado 20/03/2021];2(2042). Disponible en: Disponible en: https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/52514/v24n2.pdf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 16.

  17. Da Silveira Moreira R. Análises de classes latentes dos sintomas relacionados à COVID-19 no Brasil: resultados da PNAD-COVID19. Cadernos de Saúde Pública [Internet]. 2021[Citado 08/07/2021];37(1). Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/csp/a/WSxLPSVrxdqDQ4FGkqTrS7C/?format=html&lang=pt 17.

  18. Hussin A, Rothan M, Siddappa N, Byrareddy P. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of autoimmunity [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 08/07/2021];109(102433). Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0896841120300469 18.

  19. Palacio Cruz M, Santos E, Velázquez Cervantes MA, León Juárez M. COVID-19, una emergencia de salud pública mundial. Rev Clin Esp [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 23/03/2021];221(1):55-61. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014256520300928 19.

  20. Venero Fernández SJ, Gómez MM, Luna LC, De Armas Águila Y, Medina RS, Pérez González DR, et al20. . Características epidemiológicas de la COVID-19 en La Habana, epicentro de Cuba. Rev Cubana Higiene Epidemiol [Internet]. 2021 [Citado 23/03/2021];58. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://www.revepidemiologia.sld.cu/index.php/hie/article/view/1025 20.

  21. Wang X, Jiang X, Huang Q, Wang H, Gurarie D, Ndeffo Mbah M, et al21. . Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: a retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak. Sleep Medicine: X [Internet]. 2020 [Citado 23/03/2021];2:100028. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590142720300173?via%3Dihub 21.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com