Castelo-Ramos ÓO, Araujo-Conejo A, Lechuga-García NA

Language: Spanish
References: 10
Page: 123-128
PDF size: 308.18 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: kidney transplantation is the most effective therapy for managing end-stage chronic kidney disease, significantly improving patients' quality of life. Globally, advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive therapies have increased patient and graft survival rates, though outcomes vary depending on clinical and institutional contexts. In Mexico, the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension has driven demand for kidney transplants, facing challenges such as organ shortages and limited access to specialized care. Objective: this study analyzes the clinical outcomes of the kidney transplant program at the Hospital General Zacatecas "Luz González Cosío" between 2013 and 2024, evaluating sociodemographic, clinical, and technical factors associated with patient evolution and graft survival. Material and methods: a descriptive, retrospective, and analytical study was conducted through the review of medical records of patients undergoing kidney transplantation between January 1, 2013, and August 31, 2024. Patients aged 18 years or older with complete medical records were included. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, including a total of 45 patients. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were analyzed. Results: most recipients were men of working age, with blood group O (64.4%) being the most prevalent. The mean warm ischemia time (5.61 minutes) and cold ischemia time (134.11 minutes) were within safe limits reported in the literature, although prolonged cold ischemia correlated with a higher risk of graft dysfunction. The use of NSAIDs was significantly associated with an increased risk of graft dysfunction. At the end of the follow-up period, 62.2% of grafts were functional. Conclusions: the findings provide key insights for optimizing clinical protocols, highlighting the need to minimize ischemia times, reduce NSAID use in postoperative management, and strengthen clinical follow-up. This study underscores the importance of developing efficient and equitable models for kidney transplantation in similar healthcare settings.

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