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Órgano Oficial de la Sociedad Mexicana de Ortopedia Pediátrica

2025, Number 1-3

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Rev Mex Ortop Ped 2025; 27 (1-3)

Analysis of epidemiological aspects of septic arthritis in the paediatric population

Palmero-Picazo J, Jiménez-Aquino J, Casas-López M, Ruíz-Mejía O

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 5-10
PDF size: 241.42 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: septic arthritis is an acute, infectious inflammation of a joint, predominantly bacterial. It has an estimated worldwide prevalence of 2 to 10 cases per 100,000 people and up to 22 per 100,000 in Mexico. Objective: to describe the epidemiological aspects of septic arthritis in the Paediatric Orthopaedic Department of the IMSS Lomas Verdes Hospital. Material and methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study with univariate analysis was conducted in the Paediatric Orthopaedic Department, including patients under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with septic arthritis and hospitalized between 2020 and 2024. Cases that did not involve hospitalization, had a diagnosis prior to admission, or had incomplete records were excluded. Variables such as the causative microorganism, affected joint, treatment, hospital stay, and risk factors were analyzed. Data were collected from physical and digital records and organized in Excel. Statistical analysis included frequencies, percentages, and measures of central tendency (median and interquartile range) due to a non-normal distribution according to the Shapiro-Wilk test, using SPSS software. Prevalence was calculated using the standard formula. Results: the prevalence rate was 1.728%. Males predominated. The median age was 9.5 years, with a hospital stay of seven days. The knee was the most affected joint, followed by the hip and ankle. S. aureus was the most common microorganism. 53.48% of patients had risk factors, and arthrotomy evacuation was the most commonly used treatment. Conclusions: the prevalence was higher than expected. Deficiencies in microbiological diagnosis were identified. It is recommended to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to reduce complications in paediatric patients.


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EVIDENCE LEVEL

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