medigraphic.com
ISSN 1816-8450 (Electronic)

2021, Number 1

<< Back

Geroinfo 2021; 16 (1)

Probiotics and their potential use in preventing Covid-19

Contreras AR, Cabrera RI

Language: Spanish
References: 41
Page:
PDF size: 152.88 Kb.


ABSTRACT

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, since there is no vaccine available, frequent hand washing, maintaining physical distance between people and the application of measures to strengthen the immune system; they are the best containment strategies. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and cytokine storm account for a large part of the high mortality in intensive care units in patients suffering from Covid-19. The Intestinal Microbiome made up of trillions of bacteria, which are in balance with the host, produces active molecules that educate the immune system and play a decisive role in strengthening this system that protects against infections. The bacteria that perform this function have been used to provide various health benefits; these live bacteria are called Probiotics. Different mechanisms have been involved in this function, among which the NF-kB molecule is, a nuclear transcription factor found in most cells that plays an essential role in a myriad of aspects of human health including development of innate and adaptive immunity. Its stimulating factors are viral and bacterial cytokines and pathogens, inflammation, and stressors. A relationship has been established between bacteria of the intestinal Microbiota and NF-kB, some of which achieve their regulation, which allows assessing their use in the treatment of different diseases, among which is Covid-19. Colonies of lactobacilli have been used that have demonstrated a regulatory role of the expression of NF-kB, in in-vitro and invivo conditions. The modulating role of probiotic strains on the NF-kB factor, whose viral stimulation could be linked to the symptoms of aggravation observed in Covid-19, suggests the development of research aimed at evaluating this consideration.


REFERENCES

  1. Li X, Geng M, Peng Y, Meng L, Lu S. Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosisof COVID-19. J Pharm Anal [Internet].2020[citado 3 marzo 2021]; 10(2):102-8.Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.001

  2. Leung C. Clinical features of deaths in the novel coronavirus epidemic in China.RevMedVirol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 10 marzo 2021]; e2103. Disponible en:https://doi:10.1002/rmv.2103

  3. Wu D, Wu T, Liu Q, Yang Z. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: what we know. Int JInfectDis [serie en Internet]. 2020 [citado 2 febrero 2021]; Disponible:http://doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.004

  4. Qin J, Li R, Raes J, Arumagom M, Sovsten BK, Manichanh C, Nielsen T et al. Ahuman gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing.Nature[serie en Internet]. 2010 [citado 24 marzo 2021]; 464(7285):59-65. Disponibleen: https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08821

  5. Le Chatelier E, Nielsen T, Qin J, Prifti E, Hidebrand F, Falony S, Almeida M et al.Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers. Nature[Internet]. 2013[citado 5 enero 2021]; 500(7464):541-6. Disponible en:https://pubmed.nchi.nlm.nih.gov/23985870/

  6. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson RG, Menenstein JD, Pot B, Morelli L, et al. Expertconsensus document: the International Scientific Association for Probiotics andPrebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the termprobiotic. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology [Internet]. 2014 [citado 6abril 2021]; 11(8):506–14. Disponible en: https://pubmed.nchi.nlm.gov/24912386/

  7. Azad MAK, Sarker M, Li T, Yin J. Probiotic Species in the Modulation of GutMicrobiota: An Overview. BioMedResearch International [Internet]. 2018 [citado 8abril 2021]; Article ID 9478630. Disponible en: http://doi:10.1155/2018/9478630

  8. Rao SC, Athalye-JapeGK,Deshpande GC, Simmer KN, Patole SK. Probioticsupplementation and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics[serie en Internet].2016[citado 10abril 2021]; 137(3):e20153684. Disponible en:http://doi:1542/peds.2015-3684

  9. Kristensen NB, Bryrup T, Allin KH, Nielsen T, Hansen TH, Pedersen O. Alterations infecal Microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: Asystematic review of randomized controlled trials.Genome Medicine [Internet]. 2016[citado 15 abril 2021]; 8(1). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/S13073-016-0300-5

  10. Kau AL, Ahern PP, Griffin NW, Goodman AL, Gordon JI. Human nutrition, the gutmicrobiome and the immune system. Nature [serie en Internet].2011[citado 23 marzo2021]; 474(7351):327–36. Disponible en: https://doi:10.1038/nature10213

  11. Bermudez-Brito N, J. Plaza-Díaz S. Muñoz-Quesada C. Gómez-Llorente A, Gil A.Probiotic mechanisms of action. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism [serie enInternet]. 2012 [citado 11 marzo 2021]; 61(2):160–74. Disponible en:https://doi.org/10.1159/000342079

  12. Bin P, Azad MAK, Liu G, Zhu D, Kim SW, Yin Y. Effects of different levels ofmethionine on sow health and plasma metabolomics during late gestation.Food&Function [serie en Internet]. 2018 [citado 4 abril 2021]; 9(9):4979–88.Disponible en: https://pubs.rsc.org/content/articlelanding/2018/fo/c8f001477a/unauth#!divAbstract

  13. George RK, Patra JK, Gouda S, Park Y, Shin H, Das G. Benefaction of probiotics forhuman health: A review. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2018; 26(3):927–39.

  14. Kusk KZ, Genc S, Bekpınar S. Effects of betaine supplementation on nitric oxidemetabolism, atherosclerotic parameters, and fatty liver in guinea pigs fed a highcholesterol plus methionine diet. Nutrition Journal 2018; 45:41–8.

  15. Gill HS. Dietary probiotic supplementation to enhance cellular immunity in the elderly.British Journal of Biomedical Science [Internet].2001 [citado 18abril 2021]; 58:94–6.Disponible en: https://europepm.org/article/med/11440213

  16. Wood C, Keeling S, Bradley S, Johnson-Green P, Green-Johnson JM. Interactions inthe mucosal microenvironment: Vasoactive intestinal peptide modulates thedownregulatory action of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on LPS-induced interleukin-8production by intestinal epithelial cells. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease2007; 19(3):191–200.

  17. Villena J, Medina M, Vintini M, Alvarez S. Stimulation of respiratory immunity by oraladministration of Lactococcuslactis. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 2008;54(8):630–8.

  18. Kankaanpaa P, Sütas Y, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Homogenates derived from probioticbacteria provide down-regulatory signals for peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Food Chemistry 2003; 83(2):269-77.

  19. Bodera P, Chcialowski A. Immunomodulatory effect of probiotic bacteria. RecentPatents on Inflammation. Allergy Drug Discovery 2009; 3(1):58-64.

  20. Patel RM, Denning PW. Therapeutic Use of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics toPrevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis. What is the Current Evidence? Clinics inPerinatology 2013; 40(1):11-25.

  21. Saadatzadeh A. Biochemical and pathological evidences on the benefit of a newbiodegradable nanoparticles of probiotic extract in murine colitis. Fundamental &Clinical Pharmacology 2012; 26(5):589-98.

  22. Yan F, Polk DB. Probiotics and immune health. CurrOpinGastroenterol.[serie enInternet]. 2011[citado 2abril 2021];27(6):496-501. Disponible en:http://doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834baa4d

  23. Wieërs G, Belkhir L, Enaud R, Leclercq S, Philippart de Foy JM, Dequenne I, deTimary P, Cani PD. How Probiotics Affect the Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. [serie en Internet].2020[citado 23 marzo 2021];15(9):454. Disponible en:http://doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00454

  24. Gabryszewski SJ, Bachar O, Dyer KD, Percoto C, Killobran ER, Domacowske BJ, etal. Lactobacillus-mediated priming of the respiratory mucosa protects against lethalpneumovirus infection. J Im- munol[serie en Internet].2011[citado 25 febrero2021];186:1151–61. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.4019/jimmunol.1001751

  25. Gutierrez C P, Lopez VG, Diaz GL, Jimenez GC, Mancilla RJ, Estevez JJ, Parra M.Diarrhea in preschool children and Lactobacillus reuteri: a randomized controlledtrial. Pediatrics.[serie en Internet]. 2014 [citado 16 febrero 2021]; 133(4):e904-9.Disponible en: http://doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0652

  26. Agustina R, Kok FJ, van de Rest O, Fahmida U, Firmansyah A, Lukito W, FeskensEJM, van den Heuvel EGHM, Albers R, Bovee-Oudenhoven IMJ. Randomized trial ofprobiotics and calcium on diarrhea and respiratory tract infections in Indonesianchildren. Pediatrics 2012; 129: e1155-e64.

  27. Weizman Z1, Asli G, Alsheikh A. Effect of a probiotic infant formula on infections inChild Care Centers: comparison of two probiotic agents. Pediatrics. [serie enInternet]. 2005 [citado 25 febrero 2021]; 115(1):5-9. Disponible en:http://doi:10.1542/peds.2004-1815

  28. Tubelius P1, Stan V, Zachrisson A. Increasing work-place healthiness with theprobiotic Lactobacillus reuteri: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study.Environ Health. [serie en Internet]. 2005 [citado 16 marzo 2021];7(4)25. Disponibleen: https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-069x-4-25

  29. King S, Tancredi D, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Gould K, Vann H, Connors G, Sanders ME,Linder JA, Shane AL, Merenstein D. Does probiotic consumption reduce antibioticutilization for common acute infections? A systematic review and meta-analysis. EurJ Public Health. [serie en Internet]. 2019 [citado 23 marzo 2021]; 29(3):494-9.http://doi:10.1093/eurpub/cky185

  30. Lei WT, Shih PC, Liu SJ, Lin CY, Yeh TL. Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics onImmune Response to Influenza Vaccination in Adults: A Systematic Review andMeta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. [serie en Internet]. 2017[citado 28 marzo 2021]; 9(11):1175. Disponible en: http://doi:10.3390/nu9111175

  31. Tao Ch, Di W, HuilongCh, Weiming Y, Danlei Y, GuangCh, et al. Clinicalcharacteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019:retrospective study. BMJ [Internet]. 2020[citado 3 febrero 2021]; 368:m1091.Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1091

  32. Xinyi LY, Ling NgY, Tam PJ, Xiang LD. Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions. Diseases [serie en Internet]. 2016[citado 5 marzo 2021]; 4(26): 1-28. Disponible en: http://doi:10.3390/diseases4030026

  33. Guo YR, Cao QD, Hong ZS, Tan YY, hen SD, Jin HJ, Tan KS et al. The origin,transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)outbreak - an update on the status. Military Med Res. [Internet]. 2020[citado 26febrero 2021]; 7(1):11. Disponible en: http://doi:10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0

  34. DeDiego ML, Nieto-Torres JL, Regla-Nava JA, Jimenez-Guardeño JM, Fernández-Delgado R, Fett C, Castaño-Rodriguez C, et al.Inhibition of NF-κB-mediatedinflammation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected miceincreases survival. J Virol. [Internet]. 2014[citado 2 marzo 2021]; 88(2):913–24.Disponible en: http://doi:10.1128/JVI.02576-13

  35. Dosch SF, Mahajan SD, Collins AR. SARS coronavirus spike protein-induced innateimmune response occurs via activation of the NF-kappaB pathway in humanmonocyte macrophages in vitro. Virus Res. [serie en Internet]. 2009[citado 2 abril2021];142(1-2):19–27. Disponible en: http://doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2009.01.005

  36. Pfeffer LM. The role of nuclear factor κB in the interferon response. J InterferonCytokine Res. [serie en Internet]. 2011[citado 3 febrero 2021];31(7):553–9.Disponible en: http://doi:10.1089/jir.2011.0028

  37. Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D, Sun SC. NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal TransductTarget. Ther. [Internet]. 2017 [citado 10 febrero 2021];2:17023. Disponible en:http://doi:10.1038/sigtrans.2017.23

  38. Zhang G, Li J, Purkayastha S, Tang Y, Zhang H, Yin Y. Hypothalamic programmingof systemic ageing involving IKK-beta, NF-kappaB and GnRH. Nature 2013;497:211-6.

  39. Mulet PA, Perelmuter K, Bollati-Fogolin M, Crispo M, Grompone G. Forkhead BoxProtein O1 is Linked to Anti-Inflammatory Probiotic Bacteria Acting through Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. J MicrobBiochemTechnol. [Internet]. 2017 [citado 26 marzo2021]; 9(3):74-81. Disponible en: http://doi:10.4172/1948-5948.1000347

  40. Aleman FDD, Valenzano DR. Microbiome evolution during host aging.PLoSPathog[serie en Internet]. 2019 [citado 1 abril 2021];15(7):e1007727.Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007727

  41. Thomas MC, Versalovic TJ. Probiotics-host communication. Gut Microbes. [serie enInternet]. 2010 [citado 10 febrero 2021];1(3):148-63. http://doi:10.4161/gmic.1.3.11712




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com