López AMÁ, Hernández GG, Márquez JEY, Arróniz LMG

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 263-271
PDF size: 291.76 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) syndrome is a disease recently described in the pediatric patient which has multifactorial origin and can lead to the development of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). Among the causes that determine the appearance of these pathologies are the loss of the ability to offset the abdominal cavity before increasing any of its components. Objective: to determine the incidence of IAH and ACS in patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Material and methods: a descriptive, longitudinal and analytical study was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the National Medical Center 20 de Noviembre in patients from 28 days to 18 years old. Results: in the present study found that predominate in male gender it was 69.4% and to a lesser extent with 30.6% female. The average age of patients was 63 months with the following distribution: 45.2% infants, school 25.8%, 16.6% preschoolers and adolescents 12.9%. The incidence of intra-abdominal hypertension was 11.3 and 3.2% ACS. All patients with ACS development of IAH and corresponded to surgical pathologies. The ratio of IAH and cardiovascular failure was 85.7%, 100% of patients with IAH associated with respiratory dysfunction, 57% was associated with renal dysfunction, 57% associated with liver dysfunction and 28% associated with neurological dysfunction. Conclusions: the simplest way is to measure intra-abdominal pressure measuring intravesical pressure, since not a higher risk of complications, easy to perform and safe, not been found to use secondary complications. The IAH appears frequently in critically ill patients and multiple factors contribute to this problem. It can cause multiple organ dysfunction, but particularly affects the respiratory and renal function. The IAH represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality potentially preventable with the possibility of easy detection that will allow us to treat it early. Abdominal compartment syndrome is a rare complication in pediatric patients in critical condition however has a serious impact on organ.

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