Jacas PAL, López PN, Girón MY, Téllez CN

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page:
PDF size: 593.27 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Melasma is a hyperpigmentation caused by an increase in epidermal or dermal melanin concentration, or both, and it is located on photoexposed cutaneous regions. It affects sometimes men's and women's self-esteem.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of helium-neon laser treatment in patients with melasma.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study of therapeutic intervention in 34 patients with clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis of melasma, who were assisted at the Dermatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2019, to the same month in 2020, for which two groups were formed: the study group, that received laser treatment, and the control group, treated with 2% hydroquinone cream. The information was processed and expressed in absolute values and percentage; likewise, the Χ2 test for homogeneity was used, with a significance level of α=0.05.
Results: In general, most of the patients belonged to 39-48 age group (35.3%) and were female (82.3%), with mixed skin color (76.5%) and medium-sized lesions (58.8%). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the therapeutic responses of each study group, clinical improvement in patients treated with helium-neon laser was evident 3 months post-intervention (70.6%).
Conclusions: Helium-neon laser treatment was effective in patients with melasma.

REFERENCES

1. Kwon SH, Hwang YJ, Lee SK, Park KC. Heterogeneous Pathology of Melasma and its Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 [citado 05/06/2021];17(6):824. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/6/824

2. Rajanala S, Catro Maymone MB, Vashi NA. Melasma pathogenesis: a review of the latest research, pathological findings, and investigational therapies. Dermatol Online J. 2019 [citado 22/10/2022];25(10). Disponible en: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47b7r28c

3. Passeron T, Picardo M. Melasma, a photoaging disorder. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2018 [citado 22/10/2022];31(4):461-5. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pcmr.12684

4. McKesey J, Tovar Garza A, Pandya AG. Melasma treatment: an Evidence-Based Review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020;21(2):173-225.

5. Fioranelli M, Jafferany M, Wollina U, Tirant M, Thuong NV, Lotti T. New local treatments for different types of melasma: vascular type vs. nonvascular type. A randomized polycentric study. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(3):e13300.

6. Kwon SH, Na JI, Choi JY, Park KC. Melasma: updates and perspectives. Exp Dermatol. 2019 [citado 22/10/2022];28(6):704-8. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/exd.13844

7. Zhou LL, Baibergenova A. Melasma: systematic review of the systemic treatments. Int J Dermatol. 2017 [citado 22/10/2022];56(9):902-8. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijd.13578

8. Deshpande SS, Khatu SS, Pardeshi GS, Gokhale NR. Cross-sectional study of psychiatric morbidity in patients with melasma. Indian J Psychiatry. 2018 [citado 22/10/2022];60(3):324–8. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6201670/

9. Crespo JC, Zaragoza Rubira. El láser MID en Dermatología. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla; 2001. p. 190-201.

10. López Valdés EA. Calidad de vida en las pacientes con Melasma. San Juan Ostuncalco, Quetzaltenango, Guatemala [tesis]. Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción: Universidad Rafael Saldívar; 2017 [citado 22/10/2022]. Disponible en: http://recursosbiblio.url.edu.gt/tesisjrcd/2017/09/18/L%C3%B3pez-Elmer.pdf

11. Rao KrupaShankar DS, Somani VK, Kohli M, Sharad J, Ganjoo A, Kandhari S, et al. A cross sectional, multicentric clinic-epidemiological study of melasma in India. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2014 [citado 22/10/2022];4(1):71–81. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13555-014-0046-1

12. Kumar S, Mahajan BB, Kamra N. Melasma in North Indians: A clinical, epidemiological, and etiological study. Pigment International. 2014 [citado 22/10/2022];1(2):95-9. Disponible en: https://www.pigmentinternational.com/article.asp?issn=2349-5847;year=2014;volume=1;issue=2;spage=95;epage=99;aulast=Kumar

13. Kaur J, Kaur T. A prospective, randomised, split-face comparative study of 50% glycolic acid peel versus laser toning in the treatment of melasma in Asian skin. Int J Res Dermatol. 2020 [citado 22/10/2022];6(3):371-5. Disponible en: https://www.ijord.com/index.php/ijord/article/view/954/539

14. Jin Y, Jiang W, Yao Y, Huang H, Huang J. Clinical efficacy of laser combined with menstrual regulation in the treatment of female melasma: a retrospective study. Lasers Med Sci. 2019;34(6):1099-105.

15. Dagdug Villegas AG, Guevara Hernández C, Arellano Mendoza I. Actualidades en el tratamiento de melasma. Dermatología CMQ. 2020 [citado 22/10/2022];18(4):307-17. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/cosmetica/dcm-2020/dcm204m.pdf

16. Arellano Mendoza I. Guías de diagnóstico y manejo del melasma. Dermatología CMQ. 2018 [citado 22/10/2022];16(1). Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/cosmetica/dcm-2018/dcm181c.pdf

17. Vanaman Wilson MJ, Jones IT, Bolton J, Larsen L, Guillen Fabi S. The Safety and Efficacy of Treatment with a 1,927-nm Diode Laser with and without Topical Hydroquinone for Facial Hyperpigmentation and Melasma in Darker Skin Types. Dermatol Surg. 2018;44(10):1304-10.

18. Hofbauer Parra CA, Figueroa Careta M, Sakai Valente NY, Guimaraes de Sanches Osorio NE, Ribeiro Torezan LA. Clinical and histopathologic assessment of facial melasma after low-fluence Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser. Dermatol Surg. 2016;42(4):507-12.

19. Taghavi F, Banihashemi M, Zabolinejad N, Salehi M, Jaafari MR, Marhamati H, et al. Comparison of therapeutic effects of conventional and liposomal form of 4% topical hydroquinone in patients with melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18(3):870-3.