Albacura NEY, Anaya GJL, Marrero FM, Alvarez BEC

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 126-135
PDF size: 696.76 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus and presents a wide range of symptoms, both in its acute phase and in its chronic phase. Among the systems that it affects is the Nervous, due to its neurotropic mechanism.
Objective to determine the risk of neurological complications associated with the COVID-19 severity in adult patients.
Methods a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 143 positive patients for COVID-19 treated at the San Vicente de Paúl Hospital, in Ibarra, Ecuador, during 2021. Neurological complications and the severity of the COVID-19 disease were analyzed. As a measure of association for these variables, the Fisher Test was used (p = ≤ 0.05) and a bivariate analysis was performed.
Results 54% of the patients presented neurological complications of the Central Nervous System, while 46% were of the Peripheral Nervous System; and mild-moderate severity was the most frequent (41%), and hearing impairment had the highest statistical probability of occurring (OR= 74.968; CI: 95%). The case fatality rate in these patients was 7.1%; and in those with neurological complications, 8.4%.
Conclusion the neurological sequelae most likely to occur were hearing impairment and taste impairment, in patients with mild severity and serious severity, respectively; in addition to polyneuropathy in patients with critical severity, which also occurred in deceased patients.

REFERENCES

1. Barrera SM, Bonilla E, Vásquez MF. Compromiso del Sistema Nervioso Periférico en la infección por Sars-CoV-2. Complicaciones neurológicas por coronavirus y COVID-19. 2020;30(Supl):162-70.

2. Carod FJ. Síndrome post-COVID-19: epidemiología, criterios diagnósticos y mecanismos patogénicos implicados. Rev Neurol. 2021;72(11):384-96.

3. Carod FJ. Neurological complications of coronavirus and COVID-19. Rev Neurol. 2020;70(9):311-22.

4. World Health Organization. Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard[Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2022[citado 08/07/2022]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://covid19.who.int/ 4.

5. Proal AD, VanElzakker MB. Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:698169.

6. Deer RR, Rock MA, Vasilevsky N, Carmody L, Rando H, Anzalone AJ, et al. Characterizing Long COVID: Deep Phenotype of a Complex Condition. EBioMedicine. 2021;74:103722.

7. Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, Madhavan MV, McGroder C, Stevens JS, et al. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nat Med. 2021;27(4):601-15.

8. Moghimi N, Di Napoli M, Biller J, Siegler JE, Shekhar R, McCullough LD, et al. The Neurological Manifestations of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2021;21(9):44.

9. Wang F, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Long-Term Respiratory and Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19. Med Sci Monit. 2020;26:e928996.

10. Seyed Alinaghi S, Afsahi AM, Mohsseni Pour M, Behnezhad F, Salehi MA, Barzegary A, et al. Late Complications of COVID-19; a Systematic Review of Current Evidence. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2021;9(1):e14. 11 Pezzini A, Padovani A. Lifting the mask on neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020;16(11):636-44.

11. Pezzini A, Padovani A. Lifting the mask on neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020;16(11):636-44.

12. Katsanos AH, Palaiodimou L, Zand R, Yaghi S, Kamel H, Navi BB, et al. The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Stroke Epidemiology and Care: A Meta-Analysis. Ann Neurol. 2021;89(2):380-8.

13. Fernández C, Navarro M, Gómez V, Cuadrado ML, García D, Arendt L, et al. Headache as an acute and post-COVID-19 symptom in COVID-19 survivors: A meta-analysis of the current literature. Eur J Neurol. 2021;28(11):3820-5.

14. Bobker SM, Robbins MS. COVID-19 and Headache: A Primer for Trainees. Headache. 2020;60(8):1806-11.

15. Li H, Liu L, Zhang D, Xu J, Dai H, Tang N, Su X, Cao B. SARS-CoV-2 and Viral Sepsis: Observations and Hypotheses. Lancet. 2020;395(10235):1517-20.

16. Harapan BN, Yoo HJ. Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). J Neurol. 2021;268(9):3059-71.

17. Ramani SL, Samet J, Franz CK, Hsieh C, Nguyen CV, Horbinski C, et al. Musculoskeletal involvement of COVID-19: review of imaging. Skeletal Radiol. 2021;50(9):1763-73.

18. Umashankar A, Prakash P, Prabhu P. Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Post Coronavirus Disease: A Systematic Review of Case Reports. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021:1-8

19. Fernandez CE, Franz CK, Ko JH, Walter JM, Koralnik IJ, Ahlawat S, Deshmukh S. Imaging Review of Peripheral Nerve Injuries in Patients with COVID-19. Radiology. 2021;298(3):E117-130.

20. Saif D, Ibrahem R, Eltabl M. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy in patients post-COVID-19 infection. Int J Rheum Dis. 2022;25(11):1246-53.

21. Scotto G, Fazio V, Lo Muzio E, Lo Muzio L, Spirito F. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Taste Alteration: An Overview. Life (Basel). 2022;12(5):690. 22 Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, et al. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;277(8):2251-61.

22. Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, et al. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;277(8):2251-61.

23. Misra S, Kolappa K, Prasad M, Radhakrishnan D, Thakur KT, Solomon T, et al. Frequency of Neurologic Manifestations in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Neurology. 2021;97(23):e2269-81.