Aguilera MMJ, Fregoso AHI

Language: Spanish
References: 12
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ABSTRACT

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) includes a spectrum of abnormalities involving the immature acetabulum and hip joint instability, ranging from subtle laxity to complete dislocation. With an estimated incidence of 11.5 per 1000 live births, DDH occurs frequently in females and is associated with several risk factors, including breech presentation, firstborn, family history, oligohydramnios, and multiple gestation, in addition genetic and hormonal contributions. Early detection is crucial and relies on clinical screening (Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers), along with imaging modalities and ultrasound during infancy. Management aims for a concentric and stable femoral head reduction, initially through conservative approaches such as the Pavlik harness among others. When unsuccessful, surgical interventions like closed reduction and osteotomies are considered, preferably before 18 months of age. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of developmental dysplasia of the hip, including its epidemiology, risk factors, and diagnostic methods clinical and imaging based. Additionally, it discusses the available conservative and surgical treatment strategies.

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