Pujol MH, Castro HLA, Antoniuk A, Nart L, Benítez LE, Vázquez D, Molachino R, Ramírez J

Language: Spanish
References: 7
Page: 143-146
PDF size: 961.07 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: maxillary sinus hyperdensity observed on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a frequent finding associated with various sinus diseases of odontogenic and non-odontogenic origin. Its identification and interpretation are fundamental for diagnosis and treatment planning. Objectives: to analyze the causes associated with increased maxillary sinus density as seen on CBCT, to establish a presumptive diagnosis of different sinus diseases based on radiological findings, and to evaluate their potential impact on neighboring structures. Material and methods: an observational study was conducted on 50 patients seen at the Diagnostic Imaging Service of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Buenos Aires (FOUBA) who presented with a significant increase in maxillary sinus density. The studies were performed using CBCT with a wide field of view (FOV) to allow for the evaluation of the osteomeatal complex. Possible etiological factors were analyzed, including ostium obstruction, oroantral communication, periapical processes, endodontically treated teeth, root fragments, and foreign bodies. Cases were classified according to a density grading system from 0 to 5. Results: the sample consisted of 24 men and 26 women, with a mean age of 49 years (range: 16–80 years). Ostium obstruction was the most frequent cause of sinus hyperdensity. Oroantral communication was the second most frequent, followed by other factors and periapical processes. Most cases with ostium obstruction did not have an associated odontogenic etiology. No significant differences were identified according to sex or age. Conclusions: maxillary sinus hyperdensity is a relevant radiological sign in the detection of sinus diseases. Ostium obstruction was the main factor associated with increased sinus density, while odontogenic causes showed a lower prevalence. CBCT allows for a detailed evaluation of sinus anatomy and the etiological factors involved, contributing to presumptive diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic planning.

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