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Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2025, Number 2

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Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2025; 42 (2)

Malignant Pertussis: Case Report and Literature Review

Quero-Hernández A, Álvarez-Solís A, Reyes-Gómez U, Chuck-Sepúlveda J, Quero-Estrada A, Reyes-Hernández KL, Guerrero-Becerra M, Ayuzo-del Valle NC, Aguilar-Figueroa ÉS, López-Cruz G

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 40-45
PDF size: 267.42 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Pertussis is an infectious disease that primarily affects the pediatric population, with increased severity in infants under one year of age. The malignant form typically occurs in children under 3 months, presenting with hyperleukocytosis, lymphocytosis, persistent tachycardia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The present clinical case is a 1-month-and-25-day-old female infant presented with a 30-day history of cyanotic coughing paroxysms. She received multiple treatments in a private medical setting and was admitted to our institution with respiratory distress, oxygen saturation of 85%, tachycardia, leukocytosis, and pulmonary hypertension. She was managed with mechanical ventilation, hydration, clarithromycin, and sildenafil. The patient was discharged 27 days later with clinical improvement. Prevention through vaccination is essential and should target multiple levels: during pregnancy, infancy, adolescence, among infant caregivers, and healthcare personnel. The formation of working groups is necessary to develop standardized management guidelines for hyperleukocytosis and pulmonary hypertension in malignant pertussis.


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