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2026, Number S1

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Rev Mex Anest 2026; 49 (S1)

Postoperative delirium

Portela-Ortiz JM, Enríquez-Barajas A
Full text How to cite this article

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 473-477
PDF size: 787.62 Kb.


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REFERENCES

  1. Wu SC, Rau CS, Hsieh CH. Postoperative delirium: a comprehensivereview. Formos J Surg. 2026;59. doi: 10.1097/FS9.0000000000000283.

  2. Smirnov A, Semionov M, Yasinski V, Binyamin Y, Zlotnik A, Frank D.Post-operative delirium in elderly patients: a narrative review. Int J MolSci. 2025;26:11314. doi: 10.3390/ijms262311314.

  3. Ding X, Zhang M, Liu J, Wu D. Recent advances in postoperativedelirium in elderly patients: pathophysiological mechanisms, riskprediction, and therapeutic strategies. Front Neurosci. 2026;20:1759910.doi: 10.3389/fnins.2026.1759910.

  4. Lander HL, Dick AW, Joynt Maddox KE, et al. Postoperative deliriumin older adults undergoing noncardiac surgery. JAMA Netw Open.2025;8:e2519467. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.19467.

  5. Leng K, Maze M, Barreto Chang OL. Emerging biomarkers ofpostoperative delirium at the intersection of neuroinflammation andneurodegeneration. Front. Aging Neurosci. 2025;17:1632947. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632947.

  6. Mosharaf MP, Alam K, Gow J, Mahumud RA. Cytokines andinflammatory biomarkers and their association with post-operativedelirium: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Sci Rep. 2025;15:7830.doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82992-6.

  7. Meza Monge K, Shapiro ALB, Coughlan C, Mungo B, Schulick R,Pratap A, et al. From bench to bedside: new frontiers in understandingand treating postoperative delirium. J Clin Med. 2025;14:8418. doi:10.3390/jcm14238418.

  8. Panayi AC, Friedrich S, Rühl J, Schaschinger T, Niederegger T, KnoedlerL, et al. Delirium after surgery: a retrospective study of predictors,complications, and screening patterns in the national surgical qualityimprovement program. EClinicalMedicine. 2025;90:103629.

  9. Wang Y, Wang B. Risk factors of delirium after cardiac surgery: asystematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2024;19:675.

  10. Ramos M, Vergara F, Shackleford J, Briggs C, Gomez C, MofazaliM, et al. Risk for post-operative delirium related to comorbiditiesin older adult cardiac patients: An integrative review. J Clin Nurs.2022;32:2128-2139.

  11. Mahanna-Gabrielli E, Zhang K, Sieber F, Lin HM, Liu X, Sewell M,et al. Frailty is associated with postoperative delirium but not withpostoperative cognitive decline in older noncardiac surgery patients.Anesth Analg. 2020;130:1516-1523.

  12. Wu X, Zhang N, Zhou B, Liu S, Wang F, Wang J, et al. Alcoholconsumption may be associated with postoperative delirium in theelderly: the PNDABLE study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2023;23:222.

  13. Diep C, Patel K, Petricca J, Daza JF, Lee S, Xue Y, et al. Incidenceand relative risk of delirium after major surgery for patients withpre-operative depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Anaesthesia. 2024;79:1237-1249.

  14. Sadeghirad B, Dodsworth BT, Schmutz Gelsomino N, et al. Perioperativefactors associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoingnoncardiac surgery: an individual patient data meta-analysis. JAMA NetwOpen. 2023;6:e2337239. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37239.

  15. Lan S, Liang S, Wu H, Deng S, Sun K, Ye C, et al. Strategies to preventpostoperative delirium: a comprehensive evaluation of anesthesiaselection and drug intervention. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1518460.doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1518460.

  16. Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D. Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment,risk reduction, and management. Br J Anaesth. 2020;125:492-504. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063.

  17. Ahmadzadeh S, Duplechin DP, Haynes AT, Hollander AV, Rieger R, JeanBaptiste C, et al. Evolving clinical management of postoperative delirium:a narrative review. Cureus. 2025;17:e92927. doi: 10.7759/cureus.92927.

  18. Curtis MS, Forman NA, Donovan AL, Whitlock EL. Postoperativedelirium: why, what, and how to confront it at your institution. Curr OpinAnaesthesiol. 2020;33:668-673. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000907.

  19. Aldecoa C, Bettelli G, Bilotta F, Sanders RD, Aceto P, Audisio R, etal. Update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and IntensiveCare Medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guidelineon postoperative delirium in adult patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol.

  20. 2024;41:81-108.20. Morandi A, McCurley J, Vasilevskis EE, Fick DM, Bellelli G, Lee P,et al. Tools to detect delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematicreview. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60:2005-2013. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04199.x.

  21. Ely EW, Inouye SK, Bernard GR, Gordon S, Francis J, May L, et al.Delirium in mechanically ventilated patients: validity and reliability ofthe confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU).JAMA. 2001;286:2703-2710.

  22. Chen TJ, Chung YW, Chang HR, Chen PY, Wu CR, Hsieh SH, etal. Diagnostic accuracy of the CAM-ICU and ICDSC in detectingintensive care unit delirium: A bivariate meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud.2021;113:103782. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103782.

  23. Zhu Y, Liu Z, Peng Y, Jin Y, He Y. Dexmedetomidine attenuatessurgery-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction viaα2-adrenergic receptor signaling in aged mice. Front Pharmacol.2023;14:1123059.

  24. Su X, Meng ZT, Wu XH, Cui F, Li HL, Wang DX, et al. Dexmedetomidinefor prevention of delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiacsurgery: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet.2016;388:1893-1902. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30580-3.

  25. Berger-Estilita J, Marcolino I, Gisselbaek M, Seidl C, Buehrer TW,Fortuna I, et al. Patient-reported outcomes as drivers of postoperativedelirium in the postanaesthesia care unit: data from a one-yearprospective cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2025;42:1006-1016. doi:10.1097/EJA.0000000000002258.




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Rev Mex Anest. 2026;49