Ortiz-Trejo JM, Guerrero-González M, Presno-Bernal M, Alvarado-Esquivel C, Torres-Valenzuela A

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 358-366
PDF size: 173.68 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The vaccine BCG (bacillus Calmette and Guerin) prevents severe forms of tuberculosis. Adverse effects are rare and such as local abscesses, lymphadenopathy, skeletal muscle injury and disseminated disease; they usually occur months later and persist for several weeks. Adverse effects are related to technical implementation, doses, age and state of immunosuppression.
Methods. A retrospective study assessed the frequency of clinical manifestations secondary to BCG, in children attended over 5 years and 8 months in a government clinic in the city of Zacatecas, Mexico. Demographic, clinical, perinatal, and anthropometric characteristics were determined.
Results. Twenty-two cases were identified with an adverse event frequency of 1.47 x 10^-3 (IC95%: 0.8, 2.1 x 10^-3), 12 male/10 female children. The most frequent event was lymphadenopathy (10 cases), followed by persistent pustules (5), persistent nodule (4) and ulcer (2 cases). Immunosuppression was identified in 4 cases.
Conclusions. The prevalence of adverse effects is low. There was no association with sex, height or weight at birth, neither with maternal background. The most frequent event was lymphadenopathy (IC95%: 22.4). Hyperkeratosis was the most important post-treatment sequela. BCG is a vaccine with few adverse events; they are clinically well resolved with no important sequelae.

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