Iglesias-Padrón CV, Arenas-Monreal L, Bonilla-Fernández P, Cruz-Gama E

Language: Spanish
References: 53
Page: 247-252
PDF size: 88.04 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: Oral health Education is one of the main topics of community dentistry. The objective was to develop oral hygiene habits as well as to promote a rational consumption of simple carbohydrates among preschool children. Methods: An educative intervention was conducted during 4 weeks to 32 children with an age range between 4 to 6 years old from a central area in Mexico. The intervention was designed using an educative methodology focused on learning theories such as Cognitive-Constructivism and Multiple Intelligences. The mothers and teachers participated actively on the educative process. An oral diagnostic was done. A pre and post questionnaire related to the knowledge and practices was applied. Central tendency measures and proportion differences were obtained with a statistic significance level of 0.05. Results: The level of knowledge acquired increased to 87% (p = 0.001) among preschool children classified on an efficient category. Morning teeth brushing improved to 84% (p = 0.001). Daily tooth-brushing frequency was increased to 69% (p = 0.001). The simple-carbohydrates foods consumption and frequency decreased in 97% (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a better oral health habits after an educative intervention based on learning theories considering the cognitive, economic, cultural and social levels of the population.

REFERENCES

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34. Leal SC, Becerra CA, Toledo OA. Effectiveness of teaching methods for toothbrushing in preschool children. Braz Dent J 2002; 13(2): 133-6.

35. Grimoud AM, Verchere CA, Lodter JP. Caries free smile: A dental health educational programme. Arch Pediatr 2005; 12(1): 28-33.

36. Biesbrock AR, Walters PA, Bartizek RD. Initial impact of a national dental education program on the oral health and dental knowledge of children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003; 15: 1-10.

37. Chapman A, Copestake SJ, Duncan K. An oral health education program based on the National Curriculum. Int J Paediatr Dent 2006; 16(1): 40-4.

38. Song BS. The effect of oral health education on oral health in kindergarten children. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 2004; 34: 132-40.

39. Petersen PE, Peng B, Tai B, Bian Z, Fan M. Effect of a school-based oral health education programme in Wuhan City, Peoples Republic of China. Int Dent J 2004; 54(1): 33-41.

40. Rong WS, Bian JY, Wang WJ, Wang JD. Effectiveness of an oral health education and caries prevention program in kindergartens in China. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003; 31(6): 412-6.

41. Thomas S, Tandon S, Nair S. Effect of dental health education on the oral health status of a rural child population by involving target groups. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2000; 18(3): 115-25.

42. Jackson RJ, Newman HN, Smart GJ, Stokes E, Hogan JI, Brown C, Seres J. The effects of a supervised toothbrushing programme on the caries increment of primary school children, initially aged 5-6 years. Caries Res 2005; 39: 108-15.

43. Belloso N, Hernández N, Rivera L, Morón A. Efectividad de los programas de educación para la salud bucal en niños en edad escolar. Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela. Instituto de Investigaciones Odontológicas, 1999.

44. Díaz ML, Ferrer GS, García DRC, Duarte EA. Modificaciones de los conocimientos y actitudes sobre salud bucal en adolescentes del reparto sueño. Santiago de Cuba. Medisan, 2003; 7(4): 73-85.

45. Toassi RF, Petry PC. Motivation on plaque control and gingival bleeding in school children. Rev Saude Pública 2002; 36(5): 634-7.

46. Ruiz HM, Reyes CJA, Bayona R. El club de la sonrisa feliz: Programa de intervención comunitaria en salud oral. Bogotá, Colombia. Medisan, 2001; 5(4): 65-76.

47. Delgado VMA. Salud bucal, una prioridad en la atención de los escolares. República Oriental de Uruguay, Medisan, 2005; 6(6): 25-33.

48. Piaget J. Psicología y epistemología. España: Editorial Ariel, 1979.

49. Castorina JA, Ferreiro E, Kohl de Oliveira M, Lerner D. Piaget-Vygotsky: contribuciones para replantear el debate. México: Editorial Paidós, 1996.

50. Prieto S, Ferrendiz GC. Inteligencias múltiples y currículo escolar. México, D.F: Editorial Aljibe, S.L. 2001.

51. Díaz BAF, Hernández RG. Estrategias docentes para un aprendizaje significativo, una interpretación constructivista. México, D.F: Editorial McGraw-Hill, Interamericana, 2002.

52. Carretero M. Constructivismo y educación. Argentina: Editorial Aiqué Didáctica, 1993.

53. García F. Diseño y desarrollo de unidades didácticas. Madrid, España: Escuela Española, 1996.