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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2006, Number 5

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Rev Invest Clin 2006; 58 (5)

Risk factors for birth injuries

García H, Rubio-Espíritu J, Islas-Rodríguez MT

Language: Spanish
References: 39
Page: 416-423
PDF size: 62.07 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To identify risk factors associated with birth trauma. Setting. Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Secretaría de Salud. Design. Case-control, prolective study. Patients. There were 129 cases and 134 controls. Measures. We recorded the following variables: a) maternal and delivery: age, weight, height, prenatal care, pre-existing disease or gestational disease, mode of delivery, anesthetic management during labor, use of external maneuvers or forceps; b) newborn: birth weight, gestational age, academic degree of attendant physician at delivery, and type of birth injury. Results. The independent risk factors associated to birth injury were: for ecchymoses; general anesthesia (OR 13.7, 95% CI = 3 – 62.6), breech presentation (OR 6.4, 95% IC 95% = 1.4 – 27.9) and gestational age ≤ 32 weeks (OR 6.4, 95% CI = 1.3 – 31.1); for lacerations, vaginal dystocic delivery or cesarean section (OR 19, 95% CI = 4.4 – 81.1) and use of external maneuvers (OR 5.6, 95% CI = 1.5 – 21.6); for cephalhematoma maternal height ≤ 1.54 m (OR 7.4, 95% CI = 2.3 – 23.7) and external maneuvers (OR 7.2, 95% CI = 2.3 – 23.7); for caput succedaneum, external maneuvers (OR 3.4, 95% CI = 1.5-7.7) and maternal age ≤ 19 or ≥ 36 years (OR 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4 – 6.4). Conclusions. Risk factors associated with birth injuries identified in this study involved maternal conditions, neonatal conditions and mechanism of delivery.


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