Olivares-Medina RM, Angeles-Martínez E, Ortega-Larrocea G, León- Hernández RR, Juárez-Hernández RI, Tellez-Gastelum RM, Barojas-Weber E

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 267-271
PDF size: 99.89 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify the bacterial flora from the conjunctiva in patients who undergo cataract surgery in the period from May to July, 2007. Method: A smear with Gram dye and a conjunctival culture and antibiogram with diffusion disc technique were made. Descriptive statistic, parametric and nonparametric with X2, relative prevalence, diagnostic smears value and risk analysis. Results: 349 eye conjunctive cultures and smears were studied. In 99 cases the smears were negative. In 161 (46.1 %) gram + cocci were identified being Staphilococcus epidermidis the main bacterium (67.0 %), followed by Corinebacterium sp. (21.5%). The Staphilococcus epidermidis was sensible to cephuroxime in 98.55%, vancomycin 93.1%, ciprofloxacin in 67.5%, gentamycin in 61.8 %, and clindamycin in 55.9 %. It was resistant to cephalotin and cephotaxime in 70 and 71% of cases respectively. None patients developed endophthalmitis in the postoperative period. Conclusions: Gram + cocci positive smears represent 89.2% probability of finding Staphilococus epidermidis in elders than 71 years old. It is sensible to cephuroxime and vancomycin in more than 90% of cases.

REFERENCES

4. González BC, Carrilero FMJ, Buzengo SL. Eficacia de la povidona yodada tópica administrada el día previo a la cirugía de catarata para reducir la flora conjuntival. Arch Esp Oftalmol 2001; 76:105-111.

5. George M, Bohigian MD. A retrospective study of the incidence of culture-positive endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and the use of preoperative antibiotics. Opthalmic Surg, Lasers and Imagine 2007; 38:103-106.

6. Gerkowicz M, Gruszecka-Gerkowicz R, Kosior-Jarecka E, Pietras- Trzpiel M. Changes in bacterial flora of conjunctival sac in patients prophylacticaly treated with antibiotic before cataract operation. Klin Oczna 2005; 107:675-680.

7. Hueso Abancens Jr., Mengual Verdú E, Schargel Palacios K y cols. Modificación de la flora conjuntival por el empleo de soluciones de higiene palpebral. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2004; 79:12.

8. Mollan, MB, Gao A, Alastair Ly cols.. Postcataract endophtalmitis: Incidence and microbial isolates in United Kingdom region from 1996 through 2004 J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007;33:265-268.

9. Lalitha P, Rjagopalan J, Prakash K, Ramasamy K, Prajna NV, Srinivasan M. Postcataract endophtalmitis in South India incidence and outcome. Ophthalmology 2005; 112(11):1884-9.

10. Wong TY, Chee S. The epidemiology of acute endophtalmitis after cataract surgery in an Asian pupulation. Ophthalmology 2004; 111(4):699-705.

11. Wu PC, Kuo HK, Li M, Lai IC, Fang PC, Lin SA, Shin SJ, Chen YJ, Teng MC. Nosocomial postoperative endophthalmitis: a 14 years review. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005; 244:920-929.

12. Fernández Rubio E. Bacterias conjuntivales en preoperatorios de pacientes con Catarata: cambios en los últimos 50 años. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2004; 79:1.

13. Kunimoto DV, Das T, Sharma S, Jalali S, Majji AB, Gopinathan U, Athmanathan S, Rao TN. Microbiologic Spectrum and Susceptibility of Isolates: part I: postoperative endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis Research Group. Am J Ophthalmol 1999;128:240-242.

14. Sánchez BE, Gracía GL. Resultados de cultivos de vítreo en endoftalmitis secundaria a cirugía de catarata. Rev Mex Oftalmol 1998; 725:229-232.

15. Smith CH..Bacteriology of the healthy conjunctiva. Br J Ophthalmol 1954; 38:719-726.

16. Liotet S. La flore microbienne conjonctivale préopératoire et sa sensibilité aux antibiotiques. J Fr Ophtalmol 1979; 2:449- 457.