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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Dental Mexicana

2012, Number 4

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Rev ADM 2012; 69 (4)

Antibiotic therapy in general practice dentistry.

Moreno VAP,Gómez CJF

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 168-175
PDF size: 168.70 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Odontogenic infection management should aim to reduce, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the size of the inoculum population. However, many questions have been raised regarding the use of antibiotics in general dentistry; whilst there is information that supports its empirical use, such information does not take into account the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties assessed in clinical trials. The aim of this study is to determine the antibiotic management of odontogenic infections in general practice dentistry. Various international scientific publications published between 2001 and 2011 were reviewed, involving articles describing the infection management and general practice procedures associated with the particular pharmacological characteristics of the drugs used and their efficacy against the main oral pathogen recognized in microbiological research. Odontogenic infections that could require antibiotic treatment include pulpitis, periapical abscesses, ulcerating necrotizing gingivitis, pericoronitis, perri-implantitis, and aggressive periodontitis.
Penicillins such as amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, phenoxymethylpenicillin, and benzylpenicillin are the antibiotic drugs of first choice in the treatment of oral infections. Where patients are allergic to beta-lactam antibiotics, the drugs of first choice include lincosamides, clindamycin, macrolides, azithromycin and clarithromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, fluroquinolones, and moxifloxacin, along with quinolones and ciprofloxacin. Metronidazole is particularly recommended, it being an active drug against anaerobic bacteria


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