2012, Number 4
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Rev ADM 2012; 69 (4)
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 and its associated dental complications in an adult population treated at stomatology clinics of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua (UACJ)
Mendoza-de Elias R, Flores-Padilla L, Gaitán-Cepeda LA, Mendoza-Sarmiento A, Carrasco-Gutiérrez R, Sánchez-Vargas LO
Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 176-183
PDF size: 153.86 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Background. Of the world's population of people
with DM2, 46% are aged between 49 and 59 years old
and 80% live in developing countries with low income
and limited sanitary resources. There are
approximately 11.5 million people living with diabetes
mellitus 2 along the US-Mexico border. The prevalence
of DM2 in this region is reported to be as much as 50%
higher than that in the rest of the US. The oral health
of the diabetic patient is particularly vulnerable to
decay and periodontal disease and requires conditionspecific
treatment.
Objectives. To determine the prevalence of people
with DM2treated at the dental clinics of the UACJ,
evaluate their DMFT index, edentation index, and
need for dental treatment, and compare these to those
of the non-diabetic population.
Materials and Methods. The patients included all
attended the dental clinics of the UACJ in Chihuahua,
Mexico. A full clinical history was compiled of all
patients to evaluate them in terms of general health,
treatments, hygiene habits, tobacco addiction,
alcoholism, drug use, DM2, hypertension, and so on.
DMFT and edentation indexes were collected for each
patient, and their needs as regards dental care and
treatment defined. Multivariate logistic analysis using
the Chi
2 test was used to establish the possible
association between socio-demographic, socioeconomic,
and clinical variables and the presence of
Dm2.
Results. 12,911 individuals (› 20 years) were included;
65.3% were women and 34.6% men, and their average
of age was42.41±15-45 years). DM2 prevalence was of
10.94% and that of arterial hypertension, 15%. Decay
prevalence in diabetic subjects was 77.7%, with a
DMFT index for the 34-44 age group of 9.52±5.4 and
for the 60-74 group, 5.65±5.0, with no statistically
significant differences (p› 0, 05) in relation to sex or
presence of DM2. Complete edentulism was more
prevalent in the DM2population (16.2%) than in the
non-diabetic population (4.5%), with 4 times greater
risk of being toothless. Furthermore, the prevalence
of gingivitis (risk=2, 0) and dental mobility (risk=7, 8)
in the DM2population was14.5% and 12.3%,
respectively.
Conclusions. The prevalence of DM2 in the
population studied is slightly greater than the national
average. Whilst DM2 does not increase the risk of
suffering decay, it is associated with a higher risk of
displaying disorders such as gingivitis and tooth
mobility, and significantly increases the likelihood of
edentulism being present in the patient.
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