Quintanar EMA, Calderón SJV

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 3-10
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ABSTRACT

The calcium is an essential element that participates not alone in the muscular contraction or in the formation of bone, but also in metabolic regulation, acting as an effector's cellular signals and/or as a second messenger and it is quite important in the cellular response to excitable stimuli. Nowadays, the study of intracellular calcium has turned into a necessary topic to understand the physiology of multiple cellular systems, especially in excitable cells. But in the case of erythrocytes a traditionally categorized as electrically unexcitable cell little attention has given to the participation of calcium ions in this system. Nevertheless, calcium is a crucial element for regulation, function and the programming of death and removal of erythrocytes from the circulatory system. As in other cells the intracellular free calcium concentration is precisely regulated by the complex process of calcium homeostasis. Particularly in erythrocytes this homeostasis needs a narrow regulation, due to very small increases in cytoplasm calcium concentration leads to important changes in these cells, including their programmed cell death (eryptosis). For this reason in the last years a lot of interest has woken up the study metabolic and circulatory diseases, as well as poisonings associated with the alteration of the homeostasis of this divalent cation. The fact that erythrocytes do not have organelles and do not have internal calcium reservoirs, simplify a lot the model and allows to study the direct participation of molecular calcium carriers through the plasma membrane, as the phenomena that regulates the homeostasis in erythrocytes. This experimental model is easy and sure, so many of these assays should be reliable to perform in humans that have a particular disease of research interest.

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