medigraphic.com

2012, Number 4

Rev Hosp Jua Mex 2012; 79 (4)

Identificación de marcadores cromosómicos en pacientes con leucemia linfoblástica aguda

Calderón-Pizaña D, Reyes-Hernández OD, García-Jiménez E, Bonilla-Delgado J, Chávez-Ocaña SC, García-López ES, Cortés-Malagón EM, Acosta-Altamirano G, Sierra-Martínez M

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 243-251
PDF size: 231.68 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. Acute leukemia is a malignancy of the hematopoietic system, which presents the highest diagnosis in patients of three to five years of age in 80% of cases. Material and methods. We analyzed 50 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) subtypes L1 and L2 of Hospital Juárez de México. The cytogenetic study (EC) was performed by GTG-banding and reported according to criteria of the International System of Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN, 2010). In cases where the result of EC was not obtained was applied the technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used probes unique sequence BCR/ABL and TEL/AML1 for identifying t(9;22) or Ph+ chromosome or t(12;21), which was applied. Results. The results of the EC in 74% of cases where 20/37 were normal karyotype and 17/37 abnormal karyotype. seven cases had abnormalities of numerical and structural type 10 cases, with the most frequent alterations tetraploidy and t(9; 22). The analysis of BCR / ABL showed 8/23 resulted with alterations in genes BCR and / or ABL, of which 7/23 showed the BCR/ABL, 5/7 showed besides the BCR / ABL fusion deletions in the loci BCR and / or ABL. TEL/AML1 analysis (ES) was 4/19 cases had abnormalities TEL and/or AML1, of which one quarter was positive for TEL/AML1 fusion and three quarters showed gains of loci TEL and / or AML1, but without melting. FISH is a useful technique for such conditions as it brought up the result in 16% of cases but also showed limitations as patients who were negative for both the t(9;22) and for t(12;21), could be associated with other abnormalities unparsed such probes. Conclusions. With conventional cytogenetic alterations could be identified prognostic numerical and structural ALL patients also with FISH was able to identify gains and losses of the loci BCR and/or ABL, and TEL and AML1.


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