Torres NP, Flores MB, Hernández DL, Vázquez ZG, Flores NG

Language: Spanish
References: 14
Page: 145-148
PDF size: 315.87 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the neonatal intensive care unit and pediatric intensive care in a General Hospital.
Methodology: It is a retrospective, descriptive and transversal study. We reviewed the medical records of patients with mechanical ventilation to determine the frequency of VAP. We analyzed demographic data, radiological description, the hematic cytology results, the characteristics of bronchial secretions, mechanical ventilation days and the microorganism reported in the culture of bronchial secretions.
Results: We reviewed 301 medical records of a period of 2 years. We found 80 cases with diagnostic criteria of VAP with a prevalence of 26%. Sixty-one (76%) were newborns and 19 (24%) infants, children and adolescents. Of the newborns, fortyeight (79%) were preterm. Radiographic studies showed bilateral interstitial infiltration in 100% of cases. The average of ventilation days was 11. The secretions were thick in 45% of cases. Closed technique was used for aspiration of secretions in 80% of bronpatients. In the laboratory, Leukocytosis was present in 46%, bandemia in 31% and leukopenia in 23%. Microorganism isolated from bronchial secretion cultures were Klebsiella pneumoniae in 43%, Enterobacter cloacae in 18%, Escherichia coli in 13%, Acinetobacter calcoaceticcus baumannii in 12%, Streptococcus viridans in 8 %, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 3% and Candida sp in 3%.
Conclusions: The prevalence of VAP in the population studied was 26%, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common microorganism.

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