2013, Number 607
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Rev Med Cos Cen 2013; 70 (607)
Neurocisticercosis
Huete MF, Durán SO, Soto CC
Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 467-473
PDF size: 181.35 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is
the most common parasitic
disease of the central nervous
system (CNS). It is endemic in
developing countries, but factors
such as immigration turn it into
an emerging disease in developed
nations. It is the most common
preventable cause of epilepsy,
and provokes high morbidity
and mortality. The parasite’s
life cycle involves swine as an
intermediary and humans as
a reservoir. Its transmission
occurs by consumption of
contaminated pork meat or via
anus-hand-mouth route. The
cysticercus is a larval stage of
the tapeworm Taenia solium
that has a predilection for the
CNS. For this reason the clinical
manifestations of NCC are
nonspecific; seizures are the main
clinical presentation. Diagnostic
methods include studies
with CT scan and MRI, and
immunodiagnostic techniques;
the immunoglobulin G is widely
used today. The severity of the
disease is related to host factors
such as age, gender, race and
immune status, and the number
of cysts, their size and location.
Treatment of NCC is based on a
combination of cysticidal drugs
with corticosteroid, sometimes
associated with anticonvulsants,
and rarely surgical treatment.
Currently the cysticidal drug of
choice is albendazole.
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