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2014, Number 1

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Correo Científico Médico 2014; 18 (1)

Population Genetics for the ABO Blood System in a Population with Endemic Malaria

Almaguer MLE, Betancourt ÁP

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 1-10
PDF size: 358.22 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: the ABO blood system is a risk factor for malaria. This association affects the genetic structure of populations where malaria is endemic. Genetic structure for the ABO system in Gambia is unknown.
Objective: to characterize the genetic structure for the ABO system of the Gambian population.
Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of 739 individuals admitted to the Reina Victoria Teaching Hospital , Gambia , from December 2011 to September 2012. ABO groups were determined using commercial antiserum The data were digitized in the form of Excel files and processed with SPSS software and GDA.
Results: frequencies for groups A, AB, B and O were 0.24, 0.06, 0.22 and 0.48, respectively. A balance of Hardy -Weinberg equilibrium was assumed, estimated allele frequencies were 0.16, 0.15 and 0.69 for IA, IB and IO, respectively alleles. This distribution showed no significant deviation from genetic equilibrium (p = 0.9978). The observed heterozygosity (HO = 0.4804) showed a slight increase from the expected one (HE = 0.4796). The highest value for the overall index corresponded to first allele fixation (FST = -0.002594).
Conclusions: there was a slight increase in genetic diversity for the ABO system in Gambia, favoring transmission first allele and suggested the occurrence of micro - evolution changes in response to selective pressure imposed by endemic malaria, which represented the group O protector against infection by Plasmodium falciparum.


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