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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Dental Mexicana

2014, Number 3

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Rev ADM 2014; 71 (3)

Measuring the effect of body mass and age on bite force in preschool children using the T-Scan computerized analysis system

Osorno EC, Alfaro MP, Sáenz MLP, Núñez MJM, Sánchez PL, Cenoz UE

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 124-129
PDF size: 224.24 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bite force (BF) is one of the functional indicators of the state of the masticatory system and may be influenced by factors such as age and body mass index (BMI). Objective: To determine the association between BF and age and BMI in preschoolers. Materials and methods: We performed an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive survey. We studied healthy preschool children of both sexes from the Tláhuac kindergarten in Mexico City, all with complete healthy primary dentition. The written informed consent of the parents was required for their inclusion and non-cooperative children were excluded. Age was recorded in years; weight in kilograms (using a SECA® 872 scale); and height in meters (using a portable SECA® stadiometer). BMI was calculated as weight/height2 and BF (kg/force) was recorded using T-Scan (Tekscan USA®) computerized occlusal analysis. All of the variables were measured by a single investigator and the statistical analysis was performed using JMP 10 software. Results: We studied 74 preschoolers, of whom 52.7% were girls and 47.3% were boys, aged 4.06 ± 1.13 years and with a BMI of 16.13 ± 1.82. BF values were as follows: anterior bite force (ABF) 11.03 ± 7.69, posterior bite force (PBF) 21.05 ± 14.17, left posterior bite force (LPBF) 10.12 ± 6.54, right posterior bite force (RPBF 10.93 ± 9.2, and total bite force (TBF) 32.09 ± 19.98. A linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between BF and age/BMI. When age was used as an independent variable and BF values as dependent variables, significant positive relationships were found between age and ABF (R2 = 0.163, p = 0.0003); age and PBF (R2 = 0.089, p = 0.009); age and LPBF (R2 = 0.138, p = 0.001); and age and TBF (R2 = 0.135, p = 0.001). When BMI was used as an independent variable and FM values as dependent variables, a positive relationship was found between BMI and PBF (R2 = 0.053, p = 0.04), and BMI and LPBF (R2 = 0.072, p = 0.02). All BF values for each sex were compared using a paired t test, which revealed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Age influences BF to a greater extent than BMI does, whilst sex does not affect BF.


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