Bénitez CY, Marcheco TB

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Every time an infectious disease occurs in a human being, there are three elements that determine the clinical response: the genome of the individual, the microbial genome and environmental factors. According to the World Health Organization, in 2005 from a total 58,2 million deaths 29,7% of them were due to infectious diseases. The main causes of death among infectious diseases, in decreasing order of importance, are due to HIV/AIDS, diarrheic diseases, tuberculosis and malaria. In the last two decades, 30 new infectious diseases have been reported, while other diseases previously controlled have reappeared with a surprising virulence.