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2014, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Pediatr 2014; 86 (3)

Familial adenomatous polyposis found in cuban children

Amaya STA, García BE, Lazo VS, González FL, Torres FM, Sánchez GNL

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 325-335
PDF size: 114.93 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: familial adenomatous polyposis is a dominant autosomal disease that evolves into colorectal cancer.
Objective: to characterize the Cuban children with familial adenomatous polyposis.
Methods: a prospective, descriptive case series study, who were seen at the Institute of Gastroenterology from February 2011 through May 2013. Fifteen children were diagnosed as adenomatous polyposis patients, based on colonoscopy and histological confirmation, respectively. All of them were performed upper digestive tract endoscopy, upper stomach ultrasonography, ortopantomography, bone survey, intestinal transit test, and ophthalmological and neurological exams.
Results: sixty percent were males and 60 % were Caucasians. Screening of asymptomatic patients and the rectal bleeding were the main causes of medical consultation (40 %, respectively). Full manifested disease prevailed and low-grade dysplasia was observed in 73.3 % of cases. In the study group, 26.7 % presented with polyps in their stomach, being this location the most observed one. The most common extraintestinal manifestation was congenital hypertrophy of the retinal epithelium (73.3 %) followed by supernumerary teeth and dentigerous cysts. On analyzing the age groups, 40 % of the 10 to 18 years old children had already undergone colectomy.
Conclusions: Most of the studied patients had family histories of the disease; the family screening and the rectal bleeding were the main reasons for the study. All of them presented with the fully manifested form of the disease and the vast majority had low grade dysplasia at the time of diagnosis. The polyps located out of the colon were more frequently found in the stomach and the most common extraintesinal manifestation was congenital hypertrophy of the retinal epithelium. The majority of the patients had not undergone colectomy at the time of study.


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