2014, Number 6
Prevalence of mouth breathing as an etiological factor in malocclusion in schoolchildren in the municipality of Centro, Tabasco.
Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 285-289
PDF size: 189.04 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Mouth breathing syndrome produces alterations in the stomatognathic system that can affect children not only in terms of aesthetics, but also functionally and psychologically. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of mouth breathing as an etiological factor in malocclusion in schoolchildren in the municipality of Centro, Tabasco. Material and methods: We conducted an analytical, cross-sectional, prospective, observational quantitative method study in the municipality of Centro, Tabasco, involving a representative sample of 798 schoolchildren of both sexes who were selected by means of simple random probability sampling by cluster. Results: 65 (8.7%) of the students habitually breathed through their mouths and 680 (91.3%) through their noses. The most affected group of mouth breathers was 6-to-9 year olds with 43 students (66.1%), with a slightly higher tendency among females (50.77%) compared to males (49.23%). We found a high prevalence of patients with malocclusion in both mouth breathers (98.4%) and nose breathers (69.7%). Of the 65 students that were mouth breathers, only one presented normal occlusion and the most common form of malocclusion was class II division 1 at 43%, whereas the most common in nose breathers was malocclusion I (43.8%). Conclusions: In most cases, malocclusion is the result of a moderate distortion in normal development which is known to be the result of a multifactorial interaction during growth and development. Mouth breathing is one of the many functional causes of the development of malocclusion and this breathing pattern has a number of secondary effects that influence dentofacial development (as well as functional, psychological, and social development), the correction of which may require surgery.REFERENCES
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Aguilar-Roldán M, Nieto-Sánchez I, De La Cruz-Pérez. Relación entre hábitos nocivos y maloclusiones en una muestra de 525 pacientes de ortodoncia. Revista Latinoamericana de Ortodoncia y Odontopediatría [en línea]. 2011 [acceso 30 de enero 2013]. Disponible en: https://www.ortodoncia.ws/publicaciones/2011/pdf/art25pdf.
Cuervo-Mondragón M, Félix-Revilla MT, Ibarra-Salazar M. Respiradores bucales de 6 a 14 años en la clínica de Iztacala. Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río [en línea]. 2009 [acceso 14 de febrero de 2013]; 9. Disponible en: http://odontologia.iztacala.unam.mx/memorias15col/contenido/cartel/bucalcartel58.htm.
García-Flores G. Relación entre las maloclusiones y la respiración bucal en pacientes que asisten al Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Pediátrico San Juan de Dios. Acta Odontológica Venezolana [en línea]. 2007 [acceso 17 de febrero de 2013]; 3. Disponible en: http://www.actaodontologica.com/ediciones/2007/3/maloclusiones_respiracion_buca.asp.