Evenson D

Language: English
References: 9
Page: 8-10
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As a result of accelerated training of scientists and engineers beginning in the 1960s and substantial state investment since the 1980s calculated at about USD$1 billion, Cuban biotechnology has become a major player in the Cuban economy and successfully established its place in the global market. According to a World Bank report, Cuba has the capacity to meet about 80% of its domestic demand for prescription drugs and had achieved annual biotech exports of around USD$100 million in the 1990s. A recent Ernst & Young report puts exports of biotech products at USD$300 million in 2005.

REFERENCES

1. Lopez E, Acevedo BE, Silva R, Tormo B, Montero R, Herrera L. Development of Cuban biotechnology. Jour of Comm Biotech. 2002;9(2):147-152.

2. Kaplan W, Laing R. Local Production of Pharmaceuticals: Industry Policy and Access to Medicines. Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper. The World Bank. 2005 Jan;16.

3. Ernst & Young. Doing Business with Cuba: Update. Cuba Absolutely. 2007;Vol 1:55.

4. Thorsteinsdottir H, Sáenz WT, Quach U, Singer PA, Daar AS. Cuba – innovation through synergy. Nature Biotechnology. Dec 2004;22 Suppl:19-24.

5. Fineman M. Little-known biotech industry vital to Cuba’s economic future. Miami Herald. 1998 Aug 14.

6. Baker G, editor. Cuban Biotechnology: A First Hand Report. Center for Defense Information. 2003.

7. Bureau of Verification and Compliance; US State Department. Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments. Washington DC; 2005 Aug 30.

8. BWC/C/CONF. V/3/Add. 7, Nov 28, 2001.

9. Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada; The Market Brief: The Biotechnology Market in Cuba. Market Resource Centre. Ottawa; 2003 March.