Fillot M, Guzman J, Cantillo L, Gómez L, Sánchez ML, Acosta BM, Sarmiento-Rubiano LA

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page:
PDF size: 218.69 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: intestinal parasitosis is a major public health issue worldwide. The World Health Organization considers that geohelminths infection (transmitted to the human beings by soil contact and the consumption of food and water contaminated with faeces containing eggs or larvae of those).
Objectives: to determine intestinal parasitism prevalence in children under age ten from three populations of Barranquilla (Colombia) Metropolitan Area.
Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study in which 411 faecal samples were analyzed from children at ages between one month and ten years and gathered during the year 2014 in three different populations of Barranquilla (Colombia) Metropolitan Area (Barranquilla District, La Playa Corregimiento and Galapa Municipality). The parasitological analysis was performed by direct examination of the faeces in saline and Lugol's solutions and concentration by the formalin-ether method. The absolute and relative frequencies of the present parasites were established and the results between the three sampled places were compared.
Results: intestinal parasitism prevalence of 45.3% was observed higher in Galapa and La Playa. High helminths prevalence of 19.2% was present in La Playa. 22.1% of the children had Blastocystis sp., which was found to be the protozoan of highest prevalence. Giardia intestinalis was the most frequent pathogen and observed in 9.7% of the samples.
Conclusions: the high prevalence of parasites in children expresses the need for surveillance and control programs for the whole local population. The presence of protozoa like Blastocystis sp., a parasite related with precarious hygienic conditions of consumption water, makes evident to urgently create strategies for improving basic sanitation and health education as fundamental axes in controlling parasitoses.

REFERENCES

1. Organización Panamericana de la Salud e Instituto de Vacunas Sabine. Llamado a la acción: Hacer frente a los helmintos transmitidos por el contacto con el suelo en Latino América y el Caribe. 2011 [citado Dic 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5746:g eohelmintiasis&Itemid=4046&lang=es

2. Saboyá MI, Catalá L, Nicholls RS, Ault SK. Update on the Mapping of Prevalence and Intensity of Infection for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Call for Action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(9): e2419.

3. Fletcher SM, Stark D, Harkness J, Ellis J. Enteric protozoa in the developed world: A public health perspective. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(3):420–49.

4. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social de Colombia. Análisis de Situación de Salud según regiones Colombia. 2013 [citado Nov 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.minsalud.gov.co/Documentos y Publicaciones/An%C3%A1lisis de situaci%C3%B3n de salud por regiones.pdf

5. Corredor A, Arciniegas E, Hernández CA, Cáceres E, de Romero LC, Estupinan D. Parasitismo intestinal. Instituto Nacional de Salud; 2000.

6. Agudelo López S, Gómez Rodríguez L, Coronado X, Orozco A, Valencia Gutiérrez CA, Restrepo Betancur LF. Prevalencia de parasitosis intestinales y factores asociados en un corregimiento de la costa atlántica colombiana. Rev Salud Pública. 2008;10(4):633- 42.

7. Crompton DWT, Montresor A, Nesheim MC, Savioli L. Controlling DiseaseDue to Helminth Infections. Geneva: World Health Organ. 2002 [citado Ene 2015]. Disponible en:http://pide.cpqrr.fiocruz.br/arquivos/WHO%20Controlling%20Helminths%202003.p df

8. Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo PNUD. Informe sobre el estado de avance de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio Estado de avance 2012. 2012. [citado Ene 2015]. Disponible en:http://www.pnud.org.co/2012/odm2012/odm_barranquilla.pdf

9. Pham-Duc P, Nguyen-Viet H, Hattendorf J, Zinsstag J, Phung-Dac C, Zurbrügg C, et al. Ascaris lumbricoidesand Trichuris trichiura infections associated with wastewater and human excreta use in agriculture in Vietnam. Parasitol Int. 2013;62(2):172–80.

10. Vivas Aguas L, Sánchez J, Betancourt J, Quintero M, Moreno Y. Diagnóstico y Evaluación de la Calidad de las Aguas Marinas y Costeras del Caribe y Pacífico colombianos. Informe técnico REDCAM. 2013 [citado Dic 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.invemar.org.co/redcostera1/invemar/docs/INFORME_REDCAM_2013_4 .pdf

11. Ortiz C, López MC, Rivas F. Prevalencia de helmintos en la planta de aguas residuales del municipio El Rosal, Cundinamarca. Rev Salud Pública. 2012;14(2):296– 304.

12. Yap P, Du W, Wu FW, Jiang JY, Chen R, Zhou XN, et al. Rapid re-infection with soiltransmitted helminths after triple-dose Albendazole treatment of school-aged children in Yunnan, People's Republic of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(1):23-31.

13. Jia TW, Melville S, Utzinger J, King CH, Zhou XN. Soil-transmitted helminth reinfection after drug treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop. 2012;6(5):e1621.

14. Basak Silpi, Rajurkar Monali N, Mallick Sanjay Kumar. Detection of Blastocystis hominis: a controversial human pathogen. Parasitology research. 2014:113(1):261-5.

15. Shah M, Tan CB, Rajan D, Ahmed S, Subramani K, Rizvon K, et al. Blastocystis hominis and Endolimax nana Co-infection resulting in chronic diarrhea in an immunocompetent male. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2012;6:358–64.

16. Stensvold CR, Suresh GK, Tan KSW, Thompson RCA, Traub RJ, Viscogliosi E, et al. Terminology for Blastocystis subtypes – a consensus. Trends Parasitol. 2007;23(3):1– 4.

17. Malheiros AF, Stensvold CR, Clark CG, Braga GB, Shaw JJ. Short report: Molecular characterization of Blastocystis obtained from members of the indigenous tapirap ethnic group from the Brazilian Amazon Region, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011;85(6):1050–3.

18. Ramírez JD, Sánchez LV, Bautista DC, Corredor AF, Flórez AC, Stensvold CR, et al. Blastocystis subtypes detected in humans and animals from Colombia. Infect Genet Evol. 2014;22:223–8.

19. Roberts T, Stark D, Harkness J, Ellis J. Subtype distribution of Blastocystis isolates identified in a Sydney population and pathogenic potential of Blastocystis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013;32:335–43.

20. Forsell J, Granlund M, Stensvold CR, Clark CG, Evengard B. Subtype analysis of Blastocystis isolates in Swedish patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;31:1689–96.

21. Ryan UM, Cacciò SM. Zoonotic potential of Giardia. Int J Parasitol. 2013;43:943– 56.

22. De Godoy EAM, Santos Junior JE, Belloto MVT, De Moraes MVP, Cassiano GC, Volotão A, et al. Molecular investigation of zoonotic genotypes of Giardia intestinalis isolates in humans, dogs and cats, sheep, goats and cattle in Araçatuba (São Paulo State, Brazil) by the analysis of ß-giardin gene fragments. 2013 [citado Ene 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.pagepress.org/journals/index.php/mr/article/view/4891

23. Giraldo-Gomez JM, Lora F, Henao LH, Mejia S, Gomez-Marin JE. Prevalencia de giardiasis y parásitos intestinales en preescolares atendidos en un programa estatal en Armenia, Colombia. Rev Salud Pública. 2005;7:327-38.

24. Chaves P, Fernández JA, Ospina I, López MC, Moncada L, Reyes P, et al. Tendencia de la prevalencia y factores asociados a la infección por Giardia duodenalis en escolares y preescolares de una zona rural de Cundinamarca. Biomédica. 2007;345– 51.

25. Llegais A. Parasitosis intestinal y factores de riesgo en niños de los asentamientos subnormales, Florencia-Caquetá, Colombia. Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública. 2015;33(2):171-80.

26. Savioli L, Smith H, Thompson A. Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the ‘neglected diseases initiative’. Trends in parasitology. 2006;22(5):203-8.

27. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Abordar las Enfermedades Tropicales Desatendidas con el Enfoque de los Derechos Humanos. 2010 [citado Ene 2015]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/neglected_ diseases/Human_rights_approach_to_NTD_Spa.pdf