Zúñiga OA, Rodríguez RC, Gamboa CAY

Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page: 41-48
PDF size: 260.43 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare disease in children. It presents higher incidence in endemic areas with racial characteristics and shows association with genetic and environmental etiological factors, as well as the Epstein- Barr virus. The treatment is based on a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Many children come to the diagnosis in advanced stages, which complicates the therapeutic management because of significant side effects. Patients require a comprehensive management by different health disciplines due to the high complexity of this disease. Objetive: Determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated at the Oncology Service of the National Children’s Hospital during the period January 2009 to December 2013. Methods: This study is retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive. The study area is the Oncology Service of the National Children’s Hospital. The subjects of study are 7 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated during the period January 2009 to December 2013. A sample was performed; it corresponds to the total population. Data collection was obtained from each patient’s electronic file and was conducted by researchers. Results: In this study there is a marked male predominance and occurs primarily in older children and adolescents. 43% of the cases belong to Puntarenas. 100% of patients presented cervical lymphadenopathy. According to histopathology 100% of cases is 3 or undifferentiated type. All patients had advanced stages. 100% it used combined modality therapy of 3D conformal radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The most common symptoms associated with treatment were mucositis, radiation dermatitis, ototoxicity, hypothyroidism and skin hyperpigmentation. 57% of cases are in complete remission. One patient presented locorregional relapse and 2 patients did relapse metastatic lung died. The specialties of oncology, otolaryngology and radiation show 100% coverage in controls. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary management strategies should reconsider, since according to the results, there is a suboptimal control and clinical management of health disciplines. The National Children’s Hospital is the only referral center for patients diagnosed with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma under 13 and although the investigation period set for this study includes the entire population diagnosed, the results cannot be generalized, because that it is small and heterogeneous.

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