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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Dental Mexicana

2016, Number 4

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Rev ADM 2016; 73 (4)

Peripheral giant-cell granuloma. A review of 87 cases

Cristino SBA, Cruz LB, Borges YA, Aldape BBC

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 175-182
PDF size: 664.5 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The peripheral giant-cell granuloma (PGCG) is a reactive hyperplasia that occurs only in the gum, in response to local irritation or chronic trauma, with no predilection for either age or sex. Objective: To identify the demographic and histopathological characteristics of 87 cases of PGCG in a private oral pathology service. Methodology: Data on the age, gender, and clinical diagnosis of 87 cases of PGCG were obtained, which were analyzed to determine the distribution by sex and age. Histological sections were examined to confirm the diagnosis in 84 of the cases (three did not present any characteristics of PGCG). The histopathologic features were evaluated for the presence of hypercellular stroma, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, hemorrhaging, hemosiderin, mineralized tissues, and ulcers. Results: Of the 87 cases, 3 were eliminated as they did not match the required diagnosis. Over a 10-year period, 6,696 biopsies were received by the pathology service, of which 84 (1.2%) were of PGCG. This was presented in patients ranging from 5 to 90 years old, the mean age being 42 years (± 19.9); it occurred most frequently in the 5th decade of life and showed a predilection for females (58.5%). In the histologic sections, a hypercellular stroma with ovoid or fusiform cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells was observed, as well as inflammatory infiltrate (66%), hemorrhaging (85%), hemosiderin (20%), mineralized tissues (11.9%), and ulcers (25%). Conclusion: The PGCG is a reactive exophytic lesion of the gingiva that presents variable demographic features and which, under microscopic examination, is distinguished by multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, and other components as mineralized tissues.


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