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2013, Number 2

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Rev Mex Invest Psic 2013; 5 (2)

Steps to a Relational Psychopathology

Linares JL, Soriano JA

Language: Spanish
References: 42
Page: 119-146
PDF size: 427.51 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Systemic family therapy was never comfortable with the way in which psychopathology was diagnosed, and as a result it failed to take on the task of giving it relational content. In recent years, various fields within psychology and psychiatry have also launched critiques of the systems used to classify mental disorders. Consequently, greater efforts now need to be made to investigate the relational bases of psychopathology so as to offer a sound alternative to diagnosis based on the biomedical model. The author proposes the concept of guiding metaphor as being the key to a diagnosis inspired by relational complexity. Mental health is the result of correct relational nurturing, a notion that implies the subjective experience of being loved in a complex way. Complex love is more than just an affective phenomenon that includes cognitive, emotional and pragmatic components. Therefore, a mentally healthy individual should have the experience not only of being the object of loving thoughts and feelings, but also of being treated in a loving way. Blocking or interfering with any of these components can lead to a partial and relatively specific deficit of relational nurturing, and such deficits underlie various forms of psychopathology. The paper describes four broad areas of psychopathology, namely psychosis, neurosis, depression and social attachment disorders, each with its corresponding set of symptoms and its respective personality disorders, which are inappropriately separated into different diagnostic levels. Correlations are also established between the four broad diagnostic groups and other relational dysfunctions linked to the family of origin, where the marital and parental functions combine to produce three basic kinds of psychological maltreatment: triangulation, deprivation and chaotization, the establishment of chaotic relationships. Defining the relational bases of psychopathology should enable us to take steps towards the establishment of specific criteria that could guide therapeutic intervention.


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