medigraphic.com

2017, Number 5

Dermatol Rev Mex 2017; 61 (5)

Tinea capitis. Current epidemiological data in a subtropical region of Mesoamerica (Guatemala)

Frías-De León MG, Porras-López C, Martínez-Villarreal JD, Villagómez-Figueroa O, Acosta-Altamirano G, Arenas R, Martínez-Herrera E

Language: Español
References: 22
Page: 371-378
PDF size: 586.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Tinea capitis affects hair and scalp of children, rarely occurs in adults. It is classified as dry or inflammatory. The main causative agents are Trichophyton tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, Microsporum canis and M. gypseum; however, the etiology varies depending on geographical location and climatic conditions, so it is important to analyze epidemiology periodically.
Objetive: To analyze the epidemiological data of tinea capitis in Guatemala.
Material and Method: A retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The records of patients with clinical suspicion of tinea capitis at a Guatemalan health institution (2005-2016) were analyzed. The age, gender, origin of the patients, clinical variety, time of evolution, type of hair invasion, etiology and risk factors were considered.
Results: Of 980 patients with suspected cases, 325 presented positive KOH and/or culture, 56% were male, 89% were children younger than 10 years; 59% of the patients came from urban areas. The dry clinical form (67%) and the ectoendothrix invasion were the most common. The evolution time was from two days to six years. The most frequent fungus was M. canis (82%). Three coinfections were caused by T. tonsurans-M. gypseum, T. mentagrophytes-M. canis and T. rubrum-M. canis, respectively. The main risk factor was the contact with animals.
Conclusions: Tinea capitis in Guatemala is mainly caused by M. canis, the dry form in urban children associated with contact with animals predominated.

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