Pérez PZ, Padilla GC, Jareño OM, Gómez CZ, Guerra AM, Sibila GM

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Objective: to determine the changes in the donor cornea after one year of keratoplasty. Methods: prospective, longitudinal and descriptive case series study conducted in 45 patients. For variable processing, the study used Yate's corrected Chi-square test associated to Wilcoxon's range test and to Fisher's exact test. Results: the most common diagnosis was bullous keratopathy (35.5 %). The annual cell loss was 22.8 %; oblique astigmatism with 61.5 % and the mean of the keratometric cylinder was 5.96 %. Using the confocal microscopy, we found lack of nervous fibers (86.7 %), presence of activated keratocytes (22.2 %) and haze (11.1 %). Transparent grafts represented 82.2 %. Activated keratocytes were observed in 80 % of non-transparent corneas. In the study, 33.3 % of corneal leukomas showed opacification. The most common complication was secondary glaucoma (33.3 %). All the bacterial corneal ulcers evolved into failed graft. Conclusions: after keratoplasty, the cornea showed annual endothelial cell loss of 22.8 %, oblique astigmatism, 3-6 diopter keratometric cylinder, presence of activated keratocytes and corneal haze as prognostic factors of loss of graft transparency. The post-ulcer corneal leukoma, bullous keratopathy as preoperative diagnosis and bacterial corneal ulcer as main complication cause loss of graft transparency.