Ramírez CA, Isaza MG, Pérez CJE, Martínez GMM

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 1-11
PDF size: 124.61 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Solanum dolichosepalum Bitter, commonly known as frutillo, has been traditionally used in Colombia as antibacterial, antiinflammatory and cicatrizant, and to treat renal disease. Due to the scant information about the study plant contained in databases, it was not possible to reference a larger number of current papers.
Objective: Evaluate the antibacterial activity of extracts obtained from the fruit of S. dolichosepalum and conduct a preliminary phytochemical study.
Method: The Kirby-Bauer method was applied to four fractions (F) obtained from the ethanolic extract of dry fruits of S. dolichosepalum to evaluate antimicrobial activity against strains ofEscherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomona aeruginosa. The first fraction underwent column chromatography and its fractions were tested for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the microdilution method. Metabolites responsible for antimicrobial activity were identified by thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates (MERCK) with an ultraviolet lamp (365 nm). Finally, a phytochemical study was conducted of the ethanolic extract of the fruits to determine the presence of bioactive metabolites.
Results: Phytochemical testing of the ethanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids and/or free triterpenoids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and cardiotonic glucosides. Of the four fractions obtained from the extract, fractions F1 and F2 had an MIC of 31.25 and 15.62 mg/mL, respectively, against E. coli, and 500 and 31.25 mg/mL against S. aureus. F3 and F4 did not show any inhibition, and no fraction displayed any activity against P. aeruginosa. The fractions obtained by column chromatography from F1 were named F1A, F1B, F1C and F1D. Fraction F1B showed the highest antimicrobial activity, with MICs of 35 and 17.5 mg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively.
Conclusions: The results obtained confirm the validity of the traditional use ofS. dolichosepalum as antibacterial, with activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

REFERENCES

1. Cowan MM. Plants products as antimicrobial agents. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999;14:564-84.

2. Maroyi A. Traditional use of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe: review and perspectives. J Ethnobiol Ethnomedicine. 2013;9:31.

3. Franco Ospina LA, et al. Actividad antiinflamatoria, antioxidante y antibacteriana de dos especies del género Tabebuia. Rev Cubana Plant Med. 2013;18(1):34-6.

4. Zubair M, Rizwan K, Rasool N, Afshan N, Shahid M, Ahmed VU. Antimicrobial potential of various extract and fractions of leaves of Solanum Nigrum. International Journal of Phytomedicine. 2011;3:63-7.

5. Britto S, Senthilkumar S. Antibacterial activity of Solanum incanum L. leaf extracts. Asian J of Microb Biotechnol Environmental Science. 2001;3:65-6.

6. Oliveira ACP, Endringer DC, Araújo RJP, Brandão MGL, Coelho MM. The starch from Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill. fruit is not a hypoglycemic agent. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003;36(4):525-30.

7. Cáceres A. Plantas de uso medicinal en Guatemala. Ed. Universitaria. 1999:402.

8. Restrepo MF, Álvarez LMM, Gallego JHM. Solanaceae. Uso popular de las plantas medicinales en tres zonas de Caldas: Manizales, Riosucio y Viterbo. Editor: Manizales: Universidad de Caldas, 1987.

9. Rakesh Kumar A. Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from pus from tertiary care hospital and issues related to the rational selection of antimicrobials. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 2013;5(11):326-31.

10. Sanabria A. Análisis fitoquímico preliminar. Metodología y su aplicación en la evaluación de 40 plantas de la familia Compositae. Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Farmacia. 1983;58-88.

11. Sheeba E. Antibacterial activity of Solanum surattense Burm. F. Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. 2010;6(1):1-4.

12. Mazandarani M. Autecology, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Thymus carmanicus Jalas. from Golestan province in north of Iran. J of Medicinal Plants and By-Products . 2015;4(1):67-5.

13. Maguna FP, Romero AM, Garro OA, Okulik NB. Actividad antimicrobiana de un grupo de Terpenoides. Facultad de Agroindustrias, UNNE, Argentina. 2006 [citado 12 ago 2014]. Disponible en: http://www.unne.edu.ar/Web/cyt/cyt2006/08-Exactas /2006-E-057.pdf

14. Cox SD, Gustafson JE, Mann CM, Markham JL, Liew YC, et al. Tea tree oil causes K+ leakage and inhibits respiration in Escherichia coli. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 1998;26:355-8.

15. Kannabiran K, Mohankumar T, Gunaseker V. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Saponin Isolated From Solanum Xanthocarpum and Centella asiática. IJNES. 2009;3(1):25-8.

16. Martínez AY, Soto RF, Almeida SM, Hermosilla ER, Martínez YO. Metabolitos secundarios y actividad antibacteriana in vitro de extractos de hojas de Anacardium occidentale L. (marañón). Rev Cubana Plant Med. 2012;17(4).

17. Alarcón L, Velasco J, Usubillaga A. Determinación de la actividad antibacteriana de los alcaloides presentes en los frutos verdes del Solanum hypomalocophyllum Bitter. Rev. Latinoamer. Quím. 2006;34(1-3):13-21.

18. Tiwari Anushree, Jadon Rajesh S, Tiwari Piyush, Nayak S. Phytochemical Investigations of Crown of Solanum melongena fruit. International Journal of Phytomedicine. 2009;1:(1)9-11.

19. Arango MC, Bueno JG, Isaza G, Pérez JE, Álvarez LF, et al. Efectos antibacterianos y antimicóticos de Alternanthera williamsii, Solanum dolichosepalum, Baccharis trinervis, Tabebuia chrysantha y Phenax rugosus. Biosalud. 2004;3:49-55.