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ISSN 1561-3119 (Electronic)

2017, Number S1

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Rev Cubana Pediatr 2017; 89 (S1)

Nasopharyngeal colonization of pneumococci in the Cuban infant population, prevalence study-based evidence

Toledo-Romaní ME, Chávez AD, Casanova GMF, Toraño PG, Linares-Pérez N

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 86-97
PDF size: 155.45 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: a new Cuban pneumococcal vaccine undergoes the evaluation phase in Cuba and its introduction represents a health care system priority. Population-based data on the burden of nasopharyngeal colonization are scarce.
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of colonization and to identify the circulating serotypes in children aged 2 to 18 months and 1 to 5 years from Cienfuegos municipality in the period of 2013 through 2015 before the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination, in order to measure the impact of the new vaccine and to monitor the serotype replacement phenomenon.
Methods: two cross-sectional surveys comprising children aged 2 to 18 months (phase I) and 1 to 5 years-old, who go to daycare centers (phase II), were made. The inclusion criteria were evaluated and the parents gave their informed consent. The nasopharyngeal exudate samples were taken according to the set protocols. The colonization prevalence was estimated as well as the most common serotypes in both age strata were identified. The data analysis included the frequency distribution and the ratio comparison.
Results: the global prevalence of colonization in 984 children aged 2 to 18 months in the first stage was 21.6 %. The most common serotypes were 6A (23.1 %), 23F (10.8 %), 6B (10.3 %), 19F (8.5 %) and 14 (3.3 %). In the second phase of the study, 1 135 one-five years old children participated. The global colonization prevalence significantly increase (31.01 %) in children going to day care centers. In both study groups, the vaccinal serotypes were predominant and the circulation pattern was similar.
Conclusions: the findings suggest that the burden of pneumococcal disease and the nasopharyngeal colonization in children under five years could be significantly influenced by the introduction of the new Cuban pneumococcal vaccine.


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