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2017, Number S1

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Rev Cubana Pediatr 2017; 89 (S1)

Child hospitalizations for Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated diseases in Cienfuegos province

Reyes SAR, Fonseca HM, García RI, Llul TCT, Yanes MJC, Velázquez ÁA

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 98-106
PDF size: 122.16 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: the infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) are one of the main causes of death that may be prevented with vaccines. Their isolation is difficult, so knowing the incidence, the hospitalization rates and the mortality from those diseases associated to this bacterium would serve as a reference for their hospital burden.
Objective: to describe the behavior of pneumococcus-associated diseases at hospital in children from Cienfuegos province.
Methods: case-series, retrospective and descriptive study of patients hospitalized for pneumococcus-associated diseases (pneumonias, meningoencephalitis) in pediatric hospital of Cienfuegos from 2009 to 2015. The institutional statistical databases were used; the study variables were the year, the age, the number of cases seen at the emergency service, the pneumococcus-associated disease, the number of hospitalizations, the place of hospitalization and the number of deaths.
Results: there was a report of 364 839 emergency assistance services in this period. Acute respiratory infections amounted to 35 % of emergency assistances and represented 28 % of all hospitalizations. Pneumonias comprised 8.3 % of hospitalizations whereas 30 % of acute respiratory infection patients were admitted to hospital (74 % were children younger than 5 years). Pneumonias caused 21 % of deaths, with a fatality rate of 0.5 %. Bacterial meningitis reached 3 % of admissions and 1.3 % of hospitalizations in the intensive care unit. The pneumococcus caused 49 % of admissions and accounted for 4.5 % of hospital deaths, with a fatality rate of 11.4 % (half in infants under one year of age).
Conclusions: the pneumococcus-associated diseases represent a frequent cause of hospitalization and one of the main causes of death in children from Cienfuegos province. Changes in its behavior may show the impact associated to the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination.


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