Borroto GSM, Linares-Pérez N, Toledo-Romaní ME, Mirabal SM, Reyes SA, Abreu SG, Molina ÁN, Tamayo RCM, González FN, Ramos-Carpente LT

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 107-118
PDF size: 169.36 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: community-acquired pneumonia is the fundamental cause of death in children aged less than 5 years.
Objective: to estimate the burden of hospital admissions and population for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children aged less than 5 years from 2009 to 2015.
Methods: a mixed ecological descriptive study was conducted by using data from six hospitals of the Sentinel Network of Surveillance and Evaluation of Vaccines in the Pneumococcal Project of Cuba. The study population included all the hospitalized patients younger than 5 years with diagnosis of X ray-confirmed community-acquired pneumonia. Ratios of general hospitalization and intensive care unit hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia were calculated in breast-fed and pre-school children per year of study, and the incidence rate of hospitalization was estimated by using the reference population of every participating hospital and the confidence interval of 95 %. For every age group, the ratios reported in 2009 and 2015 for each indicator and the reductions among the age groups were compared with a test of ratio comparison.
Results: in the study period, 9.6 % of the total number of hospitalizations in children aged less than 5 years were bacterial pneumonia cases; 13.9 % went to the 1-4 years-old children. There was a reduction of 64.5 % for the infant group under one year of age (p< 0.0001) and of 74.1 % (p< 0,0001) for the 1-4 year group. The accrued incidence rate of hospitalizations for the community-acquired pneumonia in the first group was 4 549 x 105 pop (95 % CI= 4 452-4 647) and for the second group was 1 368 x 105 pop (95 % CI= 1 340-1 395).
Conclusions: these results represent a step forward in order to demonstrate the need of pneumonia surveillance and its usefulness for measurement of the impact of a Cuban pneumococcal vaccine.

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