Solórzano-Santos F, Piña-Flores LI, Priego-Hernández G, Sierra-Amor A, Zaidi-Jacobson M, Frati-Munari AC, Novoa-Farías O

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 45-52
PDF size: 249.23 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Infectious acute diarrhea is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries of the world. Shigella sp., Salmonella sp. and diarreogenic Escherichia coli are the most common bacterial agents. Objective: To evaluate in vitro activity of Rifaximin and other seven antimicrobials prescribed against intestinal pathogens bacteria, isolated in children with acute diarrhea in five states in Mexico. Material and methods: Isolates of fecal samples obtained from patients younger than 18 years old with acute diarrhea were analyzed. Patients were included during a 24 months period (January 2014 to December 2015). Isolates, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were carried out according to international standards. Eight antimicrobials including rifaximin were evaluated. Results: Five hundred and three patients were included, 270 females (54%), with ages ranging from two to 18 years (mean ± SD: 12.2 ± 4), 7% were younger than five years, predominantly schoolchildren (36%) and adolescents (57%). A greater proportion of samples from Mexico City (61%) were obtained. Eight bacterial genera were identified, predominantly Escherichia coli (EC), secondly Salmonella sp. and thirdly Shigella sp. The susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was variable, considering the global enteropathogens, 100% were susceptible to rifaximin, with sensitivity greater than 70% for ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin and less than 60% neomycin, TMP/SMXZ and ampicillin. Lesser susceptibility to ampicillin was found. For E. coli, 19% susceptibility for ampicillin, 44% for neomycin, 36% for TMP/SMXZ, 57% for ciprofloxacin, 68% for furazolidone and chloramphenicol and 89% for fosfomycin was found. Conclusions: Most frequent bacteria causing diarrhea in this study were E. coli, Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. The high resistance in our country to commonly used antibiotics is evident. There was a good in vitro susceptibility to rifaximin.

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