Santos MÁM, Paz SL, Morera MFA, Ceareas CY

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system have a broad spectrum of presentation and occupy a very important chapter in neurological problems in young adults. In recent years, acute episodes of demyelination of the central nervous system with a specific topography have been considered by some authors as isolated demyelinating syndrome. Within the isolated demyelinating syndrome is considered: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Optic Neuromyelitis, Transverse Myelitis and Trunk-cerebellum lesions. In a practical approach, what should concern the clinician in the urgent management of demyelinating pathology is the differential diagnosis of these entities since they have different evolution and treatment. This review focuses on the syndromes suggestive of acute demyelinating pathology of the central nervous system, and that, due to their severity, functional repercussion, should be recognized and treated early. Finally we will review separately each of the entities that are included within the demyelinating syndrome isolated concept.