Rivera MM, Almaguer LY, Ortiz CE, Rosete GEM, Sánchez HMR

Language: Spanish
References: 0
Page: 1105-1119
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ABSTRACT

Introduction: acute otitis media is a universal disease, represents the first cause of prescription of antibiotics in childhood.
Objective: to characterize pediatric patients under 15 years hospitalized in the Respiratory service of the Bayamo Children's Hospital, during the year 2017, with diagnosis of acute otitis media.
Methods: descriptive, longitudinal, prospective study. Universe: 333 patients, sample: 298, selected by simple random sampling. Variables studied: age, sex, risk factors, signs and symptoms, complications and treatment. Research methods used: theoretical, empirical and statistical.
Results: the age group of 2 to 4 years (61.1%) and the masculine sex (58%) predominated; the most frequent risk factors were attendance at day care centers or nurseries (56.4%), the non-feeding with breastfeeding (34.2%) and the use of the pacifier (teat or bottle) (30.9%). The signs and symptoms present in the majority of the children were fever of 38 to 39 degrees (94.3%), preceded by a picture of rhinopharyngitis (100%). Perforation of the tympanic membrane (3.35%) was the only complication. The antibiotics of choice used were Trifamox^® (bulbs) and amoxicillin (suspension and capsules) for 10 days.
Conclusions: acute otitis media predominated in infants of the age group 2-4 years, of male sex, with the presence of risk factors, which evolved favorably with conventional treatment for 10 days, and only a small percentage of the series was complicated.