medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2019, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

salud publica mex 2019; 61 (4)

Diet, physical activity, obesity and related cancer risk: strategies to reduce cancer burden in the Americas

Stern MC, Barnoya J, Elder JP, Gallegos-Carrillo K

Language: English
References: 53
Page: 448-455
PDF size: 308.72 Kb.


ABSTRACT

With increased globalization, Latin America is experiencing transitions from traditional lifestyle and dietary practices to those found in higher income countries. Healthy diets, physical activity and optimal body fat can prevent approximately 15% of cancers in low-income and 20% in high-income countries. We discuss links between diet, obesity, physical activity and cancer, emphasizing strategies targeting children to decrease risk of obesity, control obesity-related risk factors, and reduce sedentary lifestyles, as this will have high impact on adult cancer risk. We focus on individual behaviors, economic, cultural and societal changes that may guide future interventions in the Americas.


REFERENCES

  1. Bermudez OI, Tucker KL. Trends in dietary patterns of Latin American populations. Cad Saude Publica. 2003;19(suppl 1):S87-99. https://doi. org/10.1590/S0102-311X2003000700010

  2. Popkin BM, Reardon T. Obesity and the food system transformation in Latin America. Obes Rev. 2018;19(8):1028-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/ obr.12694

  3. World Cancer Research Fund International. Cancer preventability estimates 2017. Available from: https://wcrf.org/cancer-preventabilityestimates

  4. Teng A, Lee DY, Cai J, Patel SS, Bilchik AJ, Goldfarb MR. Patterns and outcomes of colorectal cancer in adolescents and young adults. J Surg Res. 2016;205(1):19-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2016.05.036

  5. Uauy R, Albala C, Kain J. Obesity trends in Latin America: transiting from under- to overweight. J Nutr. 2001;131(3):893S-9S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ jn/131.3.893S

  6. Abraido-Lanza AF, Dohrenwend BP, Ng-Mak DS, Turner JB. The Latino mortality paradox: a test of the “salmon bias” and healthy migrant hypotheses. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(10):1543-8. https://doi. org/10.2105/ajph.89.10.1543

  7. Franzini L, Fernandez-Esquer ME. Socioeconomic, cultural, and personal influences on health outcomes in low income Mexican-origin individuals in Texas. Soc Sci Med. 2004;59(8):1629-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. socscimed.2004.02.014

  8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Fund for Agricultural Development, United Nations Children’s Fund, World Food Programme, World Health Organization. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018. Building climate resilience for food security and nutrition. Rome: FAO, 2018. Avalible from: http://www. fao.org/3/I9553EN/i9553en.pdf

  9. Stern MC, Fejerman L, Das R, Setiawan VW, Cruz-Correa MR, Perez- Stable EJ, Figueiredo JC. Variability in cancer risk and outcomes within US latinos by national origin and genetic ancestry. Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2016;3:181-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-016-0083-7

  10. Pinheiro PS, Callahan KE, Stern MC, de Vries E. Migration from Mexico to the United States: A high-speed cancer transition. Int J Cancer. 2018;142(3):477-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31068

  11. Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981;66(6):1191-308. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/66.6.1192

  12. Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, Ghissassi FE, Benbrahim- Tallaa L, et al. Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(16):1599-600. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470- 2045(15)00444-1

  13. Farvid MS, Cho E, Chen WY, Eliassen AH, Willett WC. Adolescent meat intake and breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(8):1909-20. https:// doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29218

  14. Farvid MS, Cho E, Chen WY, Eliassen AH, Willett WC. Dietary protein sources in early adulthood and breast cancer incidence: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2014;348:g3437. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g3437

  15. Romieu I, Margetts B, Barquera S, Gomes Fda S, Gunter M, Hwalla N, et al. Strengthening the evidence base for nutrition and cancer in low and middle income countries. J Glob Health. 2016;6(2):020306. https://doi. org/10.7189/jogh.06.020306

  16. Sonntag D, Schneider S, Mdege N, Ali S, Schmidt B. Beyond Food Promotion: A systematic review on the influence of the food industry on obesity-related dietary behaviour among children. Nutrients. 2015;7(10):8565-76. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7105414

  17. Harris JL, Pomeranz JL, Lobstein T, Brownell KD. A crisis in the marketplace: how food marketing contributes to childhood obesity and what can be done. Annu Rev Public Health. 2009;30:211-25. https://doi.org/10.1146/ annurev.publhealth.031308.100304

  18. Kraak VI, Story M. Influence of food companies’ brand mascots and entertainment companies’ cartoon media characters on children’s diet and health: a systematic review and research needs. Obes Rev. 2015;16(2):107- 126. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12237

  19. Jebb SA, Aveyard PN, Hawkes C. The evolution of policy and actions to tackle obesity in England. Obes Rev. 2013;14(suppl 2):42-59. https://doi. org/10.1111/obr.12093

  20. Bustos N, Olivares S, Leyton B, Cano M, Albala C. Impact of a schoolbased intervention on nutritional education and physical activity in primary public schools in Chile (KIND) programme study protocol: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1217. https:// doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3878-z

  21. Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Secretaria de Planificacion y Programacion de la Presidencia. VI Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2014-2015. Guatemala: MSPAS/INE/ICF, 2015. Available from: https://www.ine.gob.gt/images/2017/ encuestas/ensmi2014_2015.pdf

  22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guatemala Global School-Based Student Health Survey [internet]. Guatemala: CDCP, 2015 [cited March 2017]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/gshs/countries/ americas/guatemala.htm

  23. Corvalan C, Garmendia ML, Jones-Smith J, Lutter CK, Miranda JJ, Pedraza LS, et al. Nutrition status of children in Latin America. Obes Rev. 2017;18(suppl 2):7-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12571

  24. Consejo de Ministros de Salud de Centroamerica y Republica Dominicana. Estrategia para la prevencion del sobrepeso y obesidad en la niñez y adolescencia de Centroamerica y Republica Dominicana. Guatemala: Comisca, 2014.

  25. Robertson L, McGee R, Marsh L, Hoek J. A systematic review on the impact of point-of-sale tobacco promotion on smoking. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015;17(1):2-17. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu168

  26. Chacon V, Letona P, Villamor E, Barnoya J. Snack food advertising in stores around public schools in Guatemala. Crit Public Health. 2015;25(3):291-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2014.953035

  27. Harris JL, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Marketing foods to children and adolescents: licensed characters and other promotions on packaged foods in the supermarket. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(3):409-17. https://doi. org/10.1017/S1368980009991339

  28. World Health Organization. A framework for implementing the set of recommendations on the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children. Geneva: WHO, 2012. Available from: https://www.who.int/ dietphysicalactivity/framework_marketing_food_to_children/en/

  29. Halford JC, Boyland EJ, Hughes G, Oliveira LP, Dovey TM. Beyondbrand effect of television (TV) food advertisements/commercials on caloric intake and food choice of 5-7-year-old children. Appetite. 2007;49(1):263-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2006.12.003

  30. Chacon V, Letona P, Barnoya J. Child-oriented marketing techniques in snack food packages in Guatemala. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:967. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-967

  31. Letona P, Chacon V, Roberto C, Barnoya J. Effects of licensed characters on children’s taste and snack preferences in Guatemala, a low/middle income country. Int J Obes. 2014;38(11):1466-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ ijo.2014.38

  32. Devi A, Eyles H, Rayner M, Ni-Mhurchu C, Swinburn B, Lonsdale- Cooper E, Vandevijvere S. Nutritional quality, labelling and promotion of breakfast cereals on the New Zealand market. Appetite. 2014;81:253-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.019

  33. Soo J, Letona P, Chacon V, Barnoya J, Roberto CA. Nutritional quality and child-oriented marketing of breakfast cereals in Guatemala. Int J Obes. 2015;40(1):39-44. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.161

  34. Nago ES, Lachat CK, Dossa RA, Kolsteren PW. Association of outof- home eating with anthropometric changes: a systematic review of prospective studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(9):1103-16. https:// doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2011.627095

  35. Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social. Encuesta Mundial de Salud Escolar 2009. Guatemala: Ministerio de Salud Pública de Guatemala, 2009.

  36. Mazariegos S, Chacon V, Cole A, Barnoya J. Nutritional quality and marketing strategies of fast food children’s combo meals in Guatemala. BMC Obes. 2016;3:52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0136-y

  37. Powell LM, Chriqui JF, Khan T, Wada R, Chaloupka FJ. Assessing the potential effectiveness of food and beverage taxes and subsidies for improving public health: a systematic review of prices, demand and body weight outcomes. Obes Rev. 2013;14(2):110-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/ obr.12002

  38. Otten JJ, Hekler EB, Krukowski RA, Buman MP, Saelens BE, Gardner CD, King AC. Food marketing to children through toys: response of restaurants to the first U.S. toy ordinance. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42(1):56-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.020

  39. Holub CK, Elder JP, Arredondo EM, Barquera S, Eisenberg CM, Sanchez Romero LM, et al. Obesity control in Latin American and U.S. Latinos: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2013;44(5):529-37. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.amepre.2013.01.023

  40. Ayala GX, Elder JP, Campbell NR, Arredondo E, Baquero B, Crespo NC, Slymen DJ. Longitudinal intervention effects on parenting of the Aventuras para Ninos study. Am J Prev Med. 2010;38(2):154-62. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.038

  41. Elder JP, Holub CK, Arredondo EM, Sanchez-Romero LM, Moreno- Saracho JE, Barquera S, Rivera J. Promotion of water consumption in elementary school children in San Diego, USA and Tlaltizapan, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex. 2014;56(suppl 2):s148-56.

  42. Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Pons H, Quiroz Y, Johnson RJ. The immunological basis of hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2014;27(11):1327-37. https://doi. org/10.1093/ajh/hpu142

  43. Esposito K, Nappo F, Marfella R, Giugliano G, Giugliano F, Ciotola M, et al. Inflammatory cytokine concentrations are acutely increased by hyperglycemia in humans: role of oxidative stress. Circulation. 2002;106(16):2067-72.

  44. Berg AH, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 2005;96(9):939-49. https://doi.org/10.1161/01. RES.0000163635.62927.34

  45. Aggarwal BB, Vijayalekshmi RV, Sung B. Targeting inflammatory pathways for prevention and therapy of cancer: short-term friend, long-term foe. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(2):425-30. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432. CCR-08-0149

  46. Libby P. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease mechanisms. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(2):456S-60S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/83.2.456S

  47. Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature. 2002;420(6917):860-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01322

  48. Henson J, Yates T, Edwardson CL, Khunti K, Talbot D, Gray LJ, et al. Sedentary time and markers of chronic low-grade inflammation in a high risk population. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e78350. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0078350

  49. Ayala GX, Baquero B, Klinger S. A systematic review of the relationship between acculturation and diet among Latinos in the United States: implications for future research. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108(8):1330-44. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.05.009

  50. Kaplan RC, Bangdiwala SI, Barnhart JM, Castaneda SF, Gellman MD, Lee DJ, et al. Smoking among U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults: the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos. Am J Prev Med. 2014;46(5):496-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.01.014

  51. Ro A, Fleischer N. Changes in health selection of obesity among Mexican immigrants: a binational examination. Soc Sci Med. 2014;123:114-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.047

  52. Singh GM, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Lim S, Ezzati M, Mozaffarian D, Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE). Estimated Global, Regional, and National Disease Burdens Related to Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in 2010. Circulation. 2015;132(8):639-66. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 114.010636

  53. Kohrt WM. Body composition by DXA: tried and true? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27(10):1349-53. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768- 199510000-00001




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com