medigraphic.com
SPANISH

Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios

ISSN 2007-1523 (Electronic)
Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios
  • Contents
  • View Archive
  • Information
    • General Information        
    • Directory
  • Publish
    • Instructions for authors        
  • medigraphic.com
    • Home
    • Journals index            
    • Register / Login
  • Mi perfil

2018, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios 2018; 9 (1)

Body dissatisfaction and abnormal eating behaviors in a community sample of Chilean adults

Oda-Montecinos C, Saldaña C, Beyled C, Andrése A, Moya-Vergarad R, Véliz-García O
Full text How to cite this article

Language: Spanish
References: 79
Page: 57-70
PDF size: 196.08 Kb.


Key words:

Body weight dissatisfaction, Eating behavior, Weight control, Body weight, Adults.

ABSTRACT

The aims of this research were to estimate the percentage of body weight dissatisfaction in males and females Chilean adults, assessing its relationship with different sociodemographic, behavioral and psychological variables, and analyzing whether the presence of body weight dissatisfaction acts as a risk factor for some disordered eating behaviors. The 654 participants (436 women, 218 men; age range 18–64 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 25.49 kg/m2) were evaluated with a battery of self-administered questionnaires. The percentage of body weight dissatisfaction in the whole sample was 45.9% and significantly higher in women than men. Significant differences were observed in the clinical scales that evaluated disordered eating in function of the BMI of the participants; in those scales females also showed higher scores than males. Comparing participants with and without body weight dissatisfaction, the first one showed more unhealthy eating behaviors. The results of this study show how body weight dissatisfaction can interact and influence healthy habits, such as a daily eating behaviors and physical exercise.


REFERENCES

  1. Alberga, A. S., Russell-Mayhew, S., von Ranson, K. M. y McLaren, L. (2016). Weight bias: A call to action. Journal of Eating Disorders, 4(1), e-34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-016-0112-4

  2. Algars, M., Santtila, P., Varjonen, M., Witting, K., Johansson, A., Jern, P. et al. (2009). The adult body: How age, gender, and body mass index are related to body image. Journal of Aging and Health, 21(8), 1112-1132. https://doi. org/10.1177/0898264309348023

  3. Allaz, A. F., Bernstein, M., Rouget, P., Archinard, M. y Morabia, A. (1998). Body weight preoccupation in middle-age and ageing women: A general population survey. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 23(3), 287-294. https://doi. org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199804)23:3<287::AID-EAT6> 3.0.CO;2-F

  4. Anderson, S. L., Zager, K., Lyerla, R., Hetzler, R., Nahikian-Nelms, M. y Syler, G. (1995). Comparison of Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2) scores of male bodybuilders to the male college student subgroup. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, 6(3), 255-262.

  5. Andrés, A., Oda-Montecinos, C. y Saldaña, C. (2017). Eating behaviors in a male and female community sample: Psychometric properties of the DEBQ. Terapia Psicológica, 35(2), 141- 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082017000200141.

  6. Bach, L. (2002). Conocimiento nutricional y conductas de control de peso. [Tesis doctoral]. Barcelona, España: Universidad de Barcelona.

  7. Benedito, N. (2012). Factores psicológicos implicados en la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y el seguimiento de dietas para adelgazar en niños/as de 8 a 12 años. [Tesis doctoral]. Barcelona, España: Universidad de Barcelona.

  8. Crandall, C. S. y Horstman, A. (2005). Attributions and weight-based prejudice. En K. D. Brownell, R. M. Puhl, M. B. Schwartz y L. Rudd (Eds.), Weight bias (pp. 83-96). Nueva York: Guilford Press.

  9. Caqueo-Urízar, A., Ferrer-García, M., Toro, J., Gutiérrez-Maldonado, J., Peñaloza, C., Cuadros-Sosa, Y. et al. (2011). Associations between sociocultural pressures to be thin, body distress, and eating disorder symptomatology among Chilean adolescent girls. Body Image, 8(1), 78-81. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.11.004

  10. Cash, T. F., Theriault, J. y Annis, N. M. (2004). Body image in an interpersonal context: Adult attachment, fear of intimacy and social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(1), 89-103. https://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.23.1.89.26987

  11. Castro, J., Toro, J., Salamero, M. y Guimerá, E. (1991). The Eating Attitudes Test: Validation of the Spanish version. Psychological Assessment, 7(2), 175-190.

  12. Cheung, Y. T. D., Lee, A. M., Ho, S. Y., Li, E. T. S., Lam, T. H., Fan, S. Y. S. et al. (2011). Who wants a slimmer body? The relationship between body weight status, education level and body shape dissatisfaction among young adults in Hong Kong. BMC Public Health, 11, e-835. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458- 11-835.

  13. Cho, A. y Lee, J. H. (2013). Body dissatisfaction levels and gender differences in attentional biases toward idealized bodies. Body Image, 10(1), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim. 2012.09.005

  14. Cruz, R. M., Ávila, M. L., Cortés, M. C., Vázquez, R. y Mancilla, J. M. (2008). Restricción alimentaria y conductas de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en estudiantes de nutrición. Psicología y Salud, 18(2), 189-198.

  15. Davison, T. E. y McCabe, M. P. (2005). Relationships between men’s and women’s body image and their psychological, social, and sexual functioning. Sex Roles, 52(7), 463-475. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-3712-z

  16. De Young, K. P., Lavender, J. M. y Anderson, D. A. (2010). Binge eating is not associated with elevated eating, weight, or shape concerns in the absence of the desire to lose weight in men. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(8), 732-736. https:// doi.org/10.1002/eat.20779

  17. Demarest, J. y Allen, R. (2000). Body image: Gender, ethnic, and age differences. Journal of Social Psychology, 140(4), 465- 472. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224540009600485

  18. Deossa, G. C., Restrepo, L. F. y Velásquez, J. E. (2015). Actitudes y comportamientos de riesgo para trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en jóvenes universitarios, Colombia. Hacia la Promoción de la Salud, 20(1), 67-82. https://doi. org/10.17151/hpsal.2015.20.1.5

  19. Eertmans, A., Baeyens, F. y Van Den Bergh, O. (2001). Food likes and their relative importance in human eating behavior: Review and preliminary suggestions for health promotion. Health Education Research, 16(4), 443-456. https://doi. org/10.1093/her/16.4.443

  20. Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J. y Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), e-98. https://doi. org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-98

  21. Esnaola, I., Rodríguez, A. y Goñi, A. (2010). Body dissatisfaction and perceived sociocultural pressures: Gender and age differences. Salud Mental, 33(1), 21-29.

  22. Fallon, E. A., Harris, B. S. y Johnson, P. (2014). Prevalence of body dissatisfaction among a United States adult sample. Eating Behaviors, 15(1), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh. 2013.11.007

  23. Forrester-Knauss, C. y Stutz, Z. E. (2012). Gender differences in disordered eating and weight dissatisfaction in Swiss adults: Which factors matter? BMC Public Health, 12, e-809. https:// doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-809

  24. Frederick, D. A., Peplau, L. A. y Lever, J. (2006). The swimsuit issue: Correlates of body image in a sample of 52,677 heterosexual adults. Body Image, 3(4), 413-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. bodyim.2006.08.002

  25. Fredrickson, B. L. y Roberts, T. A. (1997). Objetification theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(2), 173-206. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x

  26. Furnham, A., Badmin, N. y Sneade, I. (2002). Body image dissatisfaction: gender differences in eating attitudes, self-esteem, and reasons for exercise. Journal of Psychology, 136(6), 581- 596. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980209604820

  27. Garner, D. M. (1991). Eating Disorder Inventory-2: Professional ma nual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources.

  28. Garner, D. M. y Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The Eating Attitudes Test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine, 9(2), 273-279. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0033291700030762

  29. Golan, M. (2006). Parents as agents of change in childhood obesity: From research to practice. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 1(2), 66-76. https://doi. org/10.1080/17477160600644272

  30. Griffiths, S., Murray, S. B. y Touyz, S. (2015). Extending the masculinity hypothesis: An investigation of gender role conformity, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in young heterosexual men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 16(1), e-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035958

  31. Grippo, K. P. y Hill, M. S. (2008). Self-objectification, habitual body monitoring, and body dissatisfaction in older European American women: Exploring age and feminism as moderators. Body Image, 5(2), 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. bodyim.2007.11.003

  32. Grogan, S. (2008). Body image: Understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women, and children. Nueva York: Routledge.

  33. Hernández-Cortés, L. M. y Londoño, C. (2013). Imagen corporal, IMC, afrontamiento, depresión y riesgo de TCA en jóvenes universitarios. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 748-761. https:// doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.175711.

  34. Holsen, I., Jones, D. C. y Birkeland, M. S. (2012). Body image satisfaction among Norwegian adolescents and young adults: A longitudinal study of the influence of interpersonal relationships and BMI. Body Image, 9(2), 201-208. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.01.006.

  35. Homan, K. (2010). Athletic-ideal and thin-ideal internalization as prospective predictors of body dissatisfaction, dieting, and compulsive exercise. Body Image, 7(3), 240-245. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.02.004

  36. Jackson, K. L., Janssen, I., Appelhans, B. M., Kazlauskaite, R., Karavolos, K., Dugan, S. A. et al. (2014). Body image satisfaction and depression in midlife women: The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 17(3), 177-187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737- 014-0416-9

  37. Keski-Rahkonen, A., Bulik, C. M., Neale, B. M., Rose, R. J., Rissanen, A. y Kaprio, J. (2005). Body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness in young adult twins. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 37(3), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20138

  38. King, T. K., Matacin, M., White, K. S. y Marcus, B. H. (2005). A prospective examination of body image and smoking cessation in women. Body Image, 2(1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. bodyim.2005.01.003

  39. Lamb, S., Jackson, L. A., Cassiday, P. B. y Priest, D. J. (1993). Body figure preferences of men and women: A comparison of two generations. Sex Roles, 28(5), 345-358. https://doi. org/10.1007/BF00289890

  40. Lora-Cortez, C. I. y Saucedo-Molina, T. J. (2006). Conductas alimentarias de riesgo e imagen corporal de acuerdo al índice de masa corporal en una muestra de mujeres adultas de la Ciudad de México. Salud Mental, 29(3), 60-67.

  41. Madrigal, H., Sánchez-Villegas, A., Martínez-González, M. A., Kearney, J., Gibney, M. J., Irala, J. et al. (2000). Underestimation of body mass index through perceived body image as compared to self-reported body mass index in the European Union. Public Health, 114(6), 468-473. https://doi. org/10.1038/sj.ph.1900702

  42. Matthiasdottir, E., Jonsson, S. H. y Kristjansson, A. L. (2012). Body weight dissatisfaction in the Icelandic adult population: A normative discontent? European Journal of Public Health, 22(1), 116-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq178

  43. McArthur, L. H., Holbert, D. y Peña, M. (2005). An exploration of the attitudinal and perceptual dimensions of body image among male and female adolescents from six Latin American cities. Adolescence, 40(160), 801-816.

  44. McCabe, M. P. y Ricciardelli, L. A. (2003). Body image and strategies to lose weight and increase muscle among boys and girls. Health Psychology, 22(1), 39-46. http://dx.doi. org/10.1037/0278-6133.22.1.39

  45. McCabe, M. P. y Ricciardelli, L. A. (2004). Body image dissatisfaction among males across the lifespan: A review of past literature. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 56(6), 675-685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00129-6

  46. McLaren, L. y Kuh, D. (2004). Women’s body dissatisfaction, social class, and social mobility. Social Science and Medicine, 58(9), 1575-1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277- 9536(03)00209-0

  47. McLean, S. A., Paxton, S. J. y Wertheim, E. H. (2010). Factors associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in women in midlife. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(6), 527-536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.20737

  48. Mellor, D., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., McCabe, M. P. y Ricciardelli, L. A. (2010). Body image and self-esteem across age and gender: A short-term longitudinal study. Sex Roles, 63(9), 672-681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-010-9813-3

  49. Mellor, D., McCabe, M. P., Ricciardelli, L. A. y Merino, M. E. (2008). Body dissatisfaction and body change behaviors in Chile: The role of sociocultural factors. Body Image, 5(2), 205-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.01.004

  50. Midlarsky, E. y Nitzburg, G. (2008). Eating disorders in middle- aged women. Journal of General Psychology, 135(4), 393- 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/GENP.135.4.393-408

  51. Ministerio de Salud de Chile (2011). Encuesta Nacional de Salud ENS Chile 2009-2010. Disponible en http://web.minsal.cl/ portal/url/item/bcb03d7bc28b64dfe040010165012d23. pdf.

  52. Musher-Eizenman, D. R., Holub, S. C., Miller, A. B., Goldstein, S. E. y Edwards-Leeper, L. (2004). Body size stigmatization in preschool children: The role of control attributions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 29(8), 613-620. http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsh063

  53. Neighbors, L. A. y Sobal, J. (2007). Prevalence and magnitude of body weight and shape dissatisfaction among university students. Eating Behaviors, 8(4), 429-439. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2007.03.003

  54. Neufer, P. D., Bamman, M. M., Muoio, D. M., Bouchard, C., Cooper, D. M., Goodpaster, B. H. et al. (2015). Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of physical activity-induced health benefits. Cell Metabolism, 22(1), 4-11. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.05.011

  55. Organización Mundial de la Salud (1998). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud. Disponible en http://www.who.int/nutrition/ publications/obesity/WHO_TRS_894/en/

  56. Paredes, F., Nessier, C. y González, M. (2011). Percepción de imagen corporal y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en bailarinas de danza clásica del Liceo Municipal de la ciudad de Santa Fe. Diaeta, 29(136), 18-24.

  57. Paxton, S. J., Eisenberg, M. E. y Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2006). Prospective predictors of body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls and boys: A five-year longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 888-899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012- 1649.42.5.888

  58. Pearl, R. L., White, M. A. y Grilo, C. M. (2014). Weight bias internalization, depression, and self-reported health among overweight binge eating disorder patients. Obesity, 22(5), 142-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.20617

  59. Prichard, I. y Tiggemann, M. (2005). Objectification in fitness centers: Self-bjectification, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in aerobic instructors and aerobic participants. Sex Roles, 53(1), 19-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005- 4270-0

  60. Puhl, R. M. y Brownell, K. D. (2003). Psychosocial origins of obesity stigma: Toward changing a powerful and pervasive bias. Obesity Reviews, 4(4), 213-227. http://doi.org/10.1046/ j.1467-789X.2003.00122.x

  61. Ricciardelli, L. A. y McCabe, M. P. (2004). A biopsychosocial model of disordered eating and the pursuit of muscularity in adolescent boys. Psychological Bulletin, 130(2), 179-205. http:// doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.2.179

  62. Ridolfi, D. R. y Crowther, J. H. (2013). The link between women’s body image disturbances and body-focused cancer screening behaviors: A critical review of the literature and a new integrated model for women. Body Image, 10(2), 149-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.11.003

  63. Rolls, B. J., Engell, D. y Birch, L. (2000). Serving portion size influences 5-year-old but not 3-year-old children’s food intakes. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 100(2), 232-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(00)00070-5

  64. Saldaña, C. (2010). Entrevista para la evaluación de comportamiento alimentario y actividad física en niños y adolescentes, versión padres: Proyecto E-TONA. Barcelona, España: Universidad de Barcelona.

  65. Sarabia, C. (2012). La imagen corporal en ancianos: Estudio descriptivo. Gerokomos, 23(1), 15-18.

  66. Saucedo-Molina, T. J, Peña, A., Fernández, T. L., García, A. y Jiménez, R. E. (2010). Identificación de factores de riesgo asocia dos a trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y su relación con el índice de masa corporal en universitarios del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Revista Médica de la Universidad Veracruzana, 10(2), 16-23.

  67. Saucedo-Molina, T. J. y Unikel, C. (2010). Conductas alimentarias de riesgo, interiorización del ideal estético de delgadez e índice de masa corporal en estudiantes hidalguenses de preparatoria y licenciatura de una institución privada. Salud Mental, 33(1), 11-19.

  68. Schwartz, C., Scholtens, P. A., Lalanne, A., Weenen, H. y Nicklaus, S. (2011). Development of healthy eating habits early in life: Review of recent evidence and selected guidelines. Appetite, 57(3), 796-807. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2011.05.316

  69. Schwartz, M. B., Vartanian, L. R., Nosek, B. A. y Brownell, K. D. (2006). The influence of one’s own body weight on implicit and explicit anti-fat bias. Obesity, 14(3), 440-447. http://dx. doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.58

  70. Slevec, J. H. y Tiggemann, M. (2011). Predictors of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in middle-aged women. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(4), 515-524. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.12.002

  71. Swami, V., Frederick, D. A., Aavik, T., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Anderson, D. et al. (2010). The attractive female body weight and female body dissatisfaction in 26 countries across 10 world regions: Results of the international body project I. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(3), 309-325. http://doi. org/10.1177/0146167209359702

  72. Tiggemann, M. (2004). Body image across the adult life span: Stability and change. Body Image, 1(1), 29-41. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00002-0

  73. Tiggemann, M., Hargreaves, D., Polivy, J. y McFarlane, T. (2004). A word-stem completion task to assess implicit processing of appearance-related information. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(1), 73-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022- 3999(03)00565-8

  74. Tiggemann, M. y Lynch, J. E. (2001). Body image across the life span in adult women: The role of self-objectification. Developmental Psychology, 37(2), 243-253. http://dx.doi. org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.2.243

  75. Urzúa, M. A., Castro, R. S., Lillo, O. A. y Leal, P. C. (2009). Evaluación de los trastornos alimentarios: Propiedades psicométricas del test EDI-2 en adolescentes escolarizados(as) de 13 a 18 años. Revista Chilena de Nutrición, 36(4), 1063-1073. http:// dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182009000400002

  76. Van den Berg, P., Paxton, S. J., Keery, H., Wall, M., Guo, J. y Neumark- Sztainer, D. (2007). Body dissatisfaction and body comparison with media images in males and females. Body Image, 4(3), 257-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim. 2007.04.003

  77. Van Strien, T., Frijters, J. E. R., Bergers, G. P. A. y Defares, P. B. (1986). The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5(2), 295-315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108X(198602)5:2<295::AID -EAT2260050209>3.0.CO;2-T

  78. Vinkers, C. D. W., Evers, C., Adriaanse, M. A. y de Ridder, D. T. D. (2012). Body esteem and eating disorder symptomatology: The mediating role of appearance-motivated exercise in a non-clinical adult female sample. Eating Behaviors, 13(3), 214-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.02.006

  79. Webster, J. y Tiggemann, M. (2003). The relationship between women’s body satisfaction and self-image across the life span: The role of cognitive control. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 164(2), 241-252. http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/00221320309597980




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com

Mi perfil

C?MO CITAR (Vancouver)

Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios. 2018;9