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2019, Number 6

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Rev ADM 2019; 76 (6)

Pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland. Report of a case and review of literature

Molina VG, Manzano GPI, Loyola RG, Sánchez FG

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 336-342
PDF size: 333.11 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The tumors of the salivary glands constitute about 5% of the neoplasms of the head and neck. The pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequent benign tumor of the salivary glands, represents approximately 60% of all salivary neoplasms, is composed mainly of a proliferation of myoepithelial cells and a wide spectrum of components of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue, surrounded by a sharp fibrous capsule. About 80% of pleomorphic adenomas appear in the parotid, 10% in the submandibular gland and 10% in the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. The average age of presentation is 46 years, but age ranges between the third and fifth decade of life. However, it has been found in individuals of all ages, presenting a slight female predilection. Regarding its site of origin, the pleomorphic adenoma is asymptomatic, slow growing and firm consistency. Computed tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are very useful to evaluate the extent of the injury as well as the commitment of important structures. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a useful method for the diagnosis of this type of neoplasm. The treatment of this type of injuries consists in the surgical removal of the tumor together with the affected gland. Less than 1% of cases of pleomorphic adenomas suffer malignant transformation, especially those that have presented multiple recurrences.


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