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2019, Number 1

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AbanicoVet 2019; 9 (1)

Review: Function and regression of the corpus luteum during the estrous cycle

Aréchiga-Flores C, Cortés-Vidauri Z, Hernández-Briano P, Flores-Flores G, Rochín-Berumen F, Ruiz-Fernández E

Language: Spanish
References: 148
Page: 1-21
PDF size: 662.56 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The corpus luteum (CL) is an ovarian structure made up of small cells and large cells. The function of CL is to produce progesterone, the hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy. The CL begins its growth and development from day 3 of the estrous cycle (i.e., d 0 = day of estrus) and continues to grow until day 17 or 18 of the estrous cycle. If the fertilization and the formation of the embryo are carried out, this CL will remain throughout the gestation. Otherwise, if there is no pregnancy, the uterine endometrium will begin to secrete prostaglandins F2α (PGF2α), responsible for the destruction of the corpus luteum (luteolysis). The serum levels of progesterone decrease, generating an unblocking of the hypothalamus, with the subsequent secretion of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone, better known as GnRH. This generates the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the development of new follicles to have an ovulatory follicle in a period of 48 to 72 hours after the onset of luteolysis. A new estrus or estrus begins to favor a possible gestation. A literature review was made with the purpose of knowing the physiological mechanisms involved in the function and regression of the corpus luteum during the estrous cycle of cows.


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