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2019, Number 5

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Rev Mex Pediatr 2019; 86 (5)

Does having a medical history of pre-term birth influence the severity of an acute respiratory illness in children younger than 3 years

Tijerina-Tijerina G, Marín-Romero M, Iglesias-Leboreiro J, Bernárdez-Zapata MI, Rendón-Macías ME

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 175-180
PDF size: 260.44 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections in children with a history of preterm birth may be more severe due to a delay in growth, maturation, or structural damage to the airways. Objective: To determine whether a history of having been premature influences the condition of severity in children younger than 3 years-old with acute respiratory infections. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study in an emergency department. Children ‹ 3 years of age attended by acute respiratory infections were included. Gestation weeks of (WG) at birth were investigated and classified into four groups (term, preterm-late [34-36 WG], preterm-moderate [28-33 WG] and preterm-end [‹ 28 WG]). The severity of the acute respiratory infection episode was assessed by the Silverman-Anderson scale and the hospitalization requirement (intensive ward or ward). Results: 295 patients were included, 228 had a history of term birth (77%), the rest were preterm, of which 15% were late preterm (n = 44), 5% moderate preterm (n = 14) and 3% preterm extreme (n = 9). In general, there were no differences in the frequency of bronchiolitis and pneumonia between the groups. Severe respiratory distress occurred in about 2%, both in term and preterm infants. Although the frequency of hospitalization and admission to intensive care was slightly higher in the pre-term ones, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In the present study, a history of preterm birth was not found associated with severity in children under three years with acute respiratory infection.


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