López-Cruz G, López-Días AV, Rodríguez-García J, Reyes-Hernández KL, Reyes-Gómez U, Santos-Calderón LA, Reyes-Hernández MU, Quero-Hernández A, Perea-Martínez A, Santamaría-Arza C, Garzón-Sánchez E, Matos-Alviso LJ

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 104-109
PDF size: 250.46 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pediatric disability is related to prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors. In Mexico the causes of disability are closely related to poverty. Material and methods: Observational prospective study. Non-randomized, performed in patients with neuromusculoskeletal disability, in two institutions of the Health Sector in the state of Oaxaca. And private practice of pediatrics. January 1, 2014 to December 2015. The inclusion criteria covered 261 patients. Statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency, frequency table, and Pearson correlation. Results: Regarding gestational age, 27.9% were premature, at 37.9%, 1.9% post-term. In 32.3% they did not report gestational age. The sex ratio, male / female was 1.3: 1 with male predominance. Jaundice was found to be 18%. In relation to the antecedent of asphyxia or perinatal hypoxia, the Pearson correlation study was of 0.217 indicating a greater correlation between the antecedent of birth asphyxia and the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in children. Discussion: In patients with intellectual disabilities, etiologic factors such as genetic disorders, malnutrition, infectious diseases, pregnancy in adolescents, poor health care before and during birth have been documented. Conclusions: The medical units must have the necessary resources for the care of the birth and the newborn, campaigns to combat malnutrition, genetic counseling, and facilitate access to health services should be promoted.

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