medigraphic.com
ISSN 2954-3835 (Electronic)
ISSN 2683-2828 (Print)

2020, Number S3

<< Back

Cardiovasc Metab Sci 2020; 31 (S3)

Treatment of adult, child and newborn cardiac arrest victims with COVID-19.
Recommendations from the Interamerican Society of Cardiology / Sociedad Interamericana de Cardiología (SIAC), National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico / Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM) and Mexican Society of Cardiology / Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC)

Rodríguez-Reyes H, Ortiz-Galván F, Ibarrola M, Celaya-Cota M, Dubner S, Asensio-Lafuente E, Núñez AE, Mendoza-Novoa P, Muñoz-Gutiérrez M, Sarquella-Brugada G, Mendoza I, Márquez M

Language: English
References: 26
Page: 285-296
PDF size: 629.26 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic presents a large impact on the general population, but it has taken a specially high toll on healthcare personnel. Resuscitation efforts require potential modifications of the present Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) International Guidelines because of the infection rate of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has been seen that up to 15% of COVID-19 patients have a severe disease, 5% have a critical form of infection and the mean death rate is 3%, although there are significant differences according to the country that reports it and patients’ baseline conditions that include age, presence of arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In these high risk subjects, mortality might go up to 24%. There are also reports of a recent increase in out-ofhospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims. Cardiac arrest (CA) in these subjects might be related to many causes, but apparently, that phenomenon is related to respiratory diseases rather than cardiac issues. In this context, the decision to start or continue CPR maneuvers has to be carefully assessed, because of the low survival rate reported so far and the high contagion risk among healthcare personnel.


REFERENCES

  1. Edelson DP, Sasson C, Chan PS et al. Interim Guidance for Basic and Advanced Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19: From the Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and Get With the Guidelines®-Resuscitation Adult and Pediatric Task Forces of the American Heart Association in Collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Respiratory Care, American College of Emergency Physicians, The Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists, and American Society of Anesthesiologists: Supporting Organizations: American Association of Critical Care Nurses and National EMS Physicians [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 9]. Circulation. 2020; 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047463. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 120.047463.

  2. WHO. COVID-19 Strategy update 14 April 2020. Available in: https//www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/ novel-coronavirus-2019/strategies-plans-and-operations

  3. Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimham M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW et al. Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area. JAMA. 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775.

  4. Baldi E, Sechi GM, Mare C, Cnevari F, Brancaglione A. Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest during the Covid-19 Outbreak in Italy [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 29]. N Engl J Med. 2020; NEJMc2010418. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2010418.

  5. D’Ambrosio A. “Probable” COVID-19 Death Reporting Varies by State – Authorities wrestle with fatal cases that look like COVID but lack test confirmation. April 23, 2020. Available in: https://www.medpagetoday. com/infectiousdisease/covid19/86127?xid=nl_ medpageexclusive_2020-04-24&eun=g728008d0r&utm_ source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign= MPTExclusives_042420&utm_term=NL_Gen_Int_Medpage_ Exclusives_Active

  6. Shao F, Xu S, Ma X et al. In-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 10]. Resuscitation. 2020; 151: 18‐23. doi: 10.1016/j. resuscitation.2020.04.005.

  7. Lane J, Weaves J, Kostka K, Duarte-Salles T, Abrahao MT, Alghoul H et al. Safety of Hydroxychloroquine, alone and in combination with azithromycin, in light of rapid wide-spread use for COVID-19: a multinational, network cohort and self-controlled case series study. medRxiv. Available in: http//doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20054551

  8. ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Last update on 21 April 2020. Available in: Escardio.org/Education/ COVID-19-and-Cardiology/ESC-COVID-19-Guidance

  9. CDC, update April 13, 2020. Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare Settings. Available in: www. cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/infection-control

  10. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 24]. JAMA. 2020; 10.1001/jama.2020.2648. doi: 10.1001/ jama.2020.2648.

  11. Rodríguez Jiménez A, Yared Meraz A. COVID-19: desde la línea de fuego. Disponible en: https://espanol. medscape.com/verarticulo/5905284_1

  12. Rose C. Am I Part of the Cure or Am I Part of the Disease? keeping coronavirus out when a doctor comes home. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382 (18): 1684‐1685. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMp2004768.

  13. Delgado D, Wyss Quintana F, Perez G et al. Personal Safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: realities and perspectives of healthcare workers in Latin America. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17 (8): 2798. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082798.

  14. Zhan M, Qin Y, Xue X, Zhu S. Death from COVID-19 of 23 Health Care Workers in China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 15]. N Engl J Med. 2020; NEJMc2005696. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2005696.

  15. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus- Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 7]. JAMA. 2020; 323 (11): 1061‐1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.

  16. BusinessDay, 17/04/2020. Available in: https://www. businesslive.co.za/bd/world/europe/2020-04-17-about- 17000-italian-healthcare-workers-have-covid-19/

  17. The New York Times, Virus Knocks Thousands of Health Workers Out of Action in Europe. Available in: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/world/europe/ coronarvirus-europe-covid-19.html

  18. Hunter E, Price DA, Murphy E et al. First experience of COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in England. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10234): e77‐e78. doi: 10.1016/S0140- 6736(20)30970-3.

  19. Burrer SL, de Perio MA, Hughes MM, Kuhar DT, Luckhaupt SE, McDaniel CJ et al. Characteristics of health care personnel with COVID-19 – United States, February 12-April 9, 2020. US Department of Health and Human Services/Center for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR. 2020; 69 (15): 477-481.

  20. Medscape. Viernes 24 de abril, 2020. Disponible en: https:// espanol.medscape.com/verarticulo/5905310?src=mkm_ latmkt_200424_mscmrk_escoronavirus_

  21. Hwang SY, Yoon H, Yoon A et al. N95 filtering facepiece respirators do not reliably afford respiratory protection during chest compression: a simulation study. Am J Emerg Med. 2020; 38 (1): 12‐17.

  22. CDC Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Sequence for donning and removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Available in: https://www.cdc.gov/sars/ downloads/ppeposter1322.pdf

  23. OMS. Pasos para colocar y retirar equipo de protección personal. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/csr/ resources/publications/ebola/ppe-steps/es/

  24. Al-Khatib SM, Stevenson WG, Ackerman MJ, Bryant WJ, Callans DJ, Curtis AB et al. 2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 72: e91-220. Available in: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.054

  25. Thomas SH, Behr ER. Pharmacological treatment of acquired QT prolongation and torsades de pointes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016; 81 (3): 420‐427. doi: 10.1111/ bcp.12726.

  26. Kramer DB, Lo B, Dickert NW. CPR in the COVID-19 Era - an ethical framework [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 6]. N Engl J Med. 2020; 10.1056/ NEJMp2010758. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2010758.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com